What is logical operators in java

What is logical operators in java

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Java Operator – &, && (AND) || (OR) Logical Operators

Ihechikara Vincent Abba

We use operators in most programming languages to perform operations on variables.

They are divided into various categories like arithmetic operators, assignment operators, comparison operators, logical operators, and so on.

In this article, we will be talking about the bitwise AND operator, and the AND ( && ) and OR ( || ) logical operators.

How to use the bitwise AND operator

The symbol & denotes the bitwise AND operator. It evaluates the binary value of given numbers. The binary result of these numbers will be returned to us in base 10.

When the & operator starts its operation, it will evaluate the value of characters in both numbers starting from the left.

Let’s look at an example to help you understand better:

System.out.println(10 & 12); // returns 8

The binary value of 10 is 1010

The binary value of 12 is 1100

Here is something you should have in mind before we start the operation:

So let’s carry out the operation.

The first character for 10 is 1 and the first character for 12 is also 1 so:

We move on to the second characters – 0 for 10 and 1 for 12:

For the third characters – 1 for 10 and 0 for 12:

For the fourth characters – 0 for 10 and 0 for 12:

Now let’s combine all the returned characters. We would have 1000.

The binary value 1000 in base 10 is 8 and that is why our operation returned 8.

How to use the logical AND operator

Note that we use logical operators to evaluate conditions. They return either true or false based on the conditions given.

The symbol && denotes the AND operator. It evaluates two statements/conditions and returns true only when both statements/conditions are true.

Here is what the syntax looks like:

statment1/condition1 && statemnt2/condition2

As you can see above, there are two statements/conditions separated by the operator. The operator evaluates the value of both statements/conditions and gives us a result – true or false.

System.out.println((10 > 2) && (8 > 4)); //true

The operation will return true because both conditions are true – 10 is greater than 2 and 8 is greater than 4. If either one of the conditions had an untrue logic then we would get false .

To better understand the && operator, you should know that both conditions must be true to get a value of true .

Here is another example that returns false :

System.out.println((2 > 10) && (8 > 4)); // false

Here, 2 is not greater than 10 but 8 is greater than 4 – so we get a false returned to us. This is because one of the conditions is not true.

• If both conditions are true => true
• If one of the two conditions is false => false
• If both conditions are false => false

How to use the logical OR operator

We use the symbol || to denote the OR operator. This operator will only return false when both conditions are false. This means that if both conditions are true, we would get true returned, and if one of both conditions is true, we would also get a value of true returned to us.

statment1/condition1 || statemnt2/condition2

Let’s go over a few examples.

System.out.println((6 < 1) || (4 >2)); // true

This returns true because one of conditions is true.

• If both conditions are true => true
• If one of the conditions is true => true
• If both conditions are false => false

Conclusion

In this article, we learned how to use the bitwise & operator in Java and how the operation is carried out to give us a result.

We also learned how to use the && and || logical operators in Java. We learned what value each operation returns based on the conditions involved in the operation.

Источник

Logical operators in Java with Example [2023]

Logical operators in java are the building blocks used to perform functions on variables and values. In this post, you can find logical operators example in Java. We can use many different operators according to our needs for calculations and functions. Operators in java can be logical, ternary, bitwise arithmetic, relational operators etc. Though they are called logical operators, users can apply them on any type. It is not necessary to perform the operation on Boolean values only.

What are Logical operators in Java?

Java Logical Operators perform operations such as AND, OR, NOT. These functions are similar to AND gates or OR gates in electronics. They help in combining two conditions to make one final output. We always keep in mind the short-circuiting effect which says that the second value is never evaluated if the first condition is false. Use of logical operators mainly for decision making. We can also use it in places where we have to get results as explicit true or explicit false.

Types of Logical operators

1.) Logical AND operator: This operator tends to return a true value if the satisfactory conditions are true. If one of the 2 values is false, it returns false. However, returns true if both the conditions are true. It is denoted by &&.

2.) Logical OR operator in Java: We use vertical lines to represent the operator. It returns true if one of the two conditions is true. If even one condition is true, the output will be true. For false, both conditions need to be false. It is denoted by ||

3.) Logical NOT operator: The operator returns the exact opposite value of the condition. For example, if the condition is true, the output of the “NOT” operator will be false. And if the condition will be false, the output of the “NOT” operator will be true. It will simply negate a statement. The statement below means when the condition is not (!) true, t is false. And when the condition is not(!) false, it is true.

Logical Operators Example in Java

public class Test < public static void main(String args[]) < boolean x = true; boolean y = false; System.out.println("x && y = " + (x&&y)); System.out.println("x || y = " + (x||y) ); System.out.println("!(x && y) wp-block-code">x && y = false x || y = true !(x && y) = true

public class DeveloperHelps < public static void main(String[] args) < int a = 25; int b = 40; System.out.println("a & b= " + (a & b)); System.out.println("a | b= " + (a | b)); System.out.println("a ^ b= " + (a ^ b)); System.out.println("~a= " + ~a); boolean a1 = true; boolean a2 = true; boolean a3 = false; System.out.println("val1 & val2= " + (a1 & a2)); System.out.println("val2 & val3= " + (a2 | a3)); System.out.println("val2 | val3= " + (a2 | a3)); System.out.println("val1 ^ val2= " + (a1 ^ a2)); System.out.println("!val1 wp-block-code">a & b= 8 a | b= 57 a ^ b= 49 ~a= -26 val1 & val2= true val2 & val3= true val2 | val3= true val1 ^ val2= false !val1= false