What is java platform standard edition

Java Editions & Concepts – Java SE/EE/ME/FX

Different editions of java and their concepts. We will discuss the small history of Java editions. What are Java platforms and technologies? What Java concepts used to learn in Java SE? What are the differences between Java EE and Java SE?

Java Editions

SUN Microsystem (now Oracle corp.) divided Java concepts into four categories for easy maintenance and easy distribution to all types of domains like mobile, desktop, and internet applications. In Java, a category is called Edition. So, Java concepts are divided into four editions.

Java SE (Java Platform Standard Edition):- It has concepts for developing software for Desktop based (standalone) CUI (command user interface) and GUI (graphical user interface) applications, applets, database Interaction application, distributed application, and XML parsing applications.

Java EE (Java Platform Enterprise Edition):- It has concepts to develop software for Web applications, Enterprise applications, and Interoperable applications. These applications are called high-scale applications. Some examples are:- banking and insurance-based applications.

Java ME (Java Platform Micro Edition):- It has concepts to develop software for consumer electronic devices means embedded systems, like mobile and electronic level applications. Java ME was popular for developing mobile gaming applications. This edition was called micro because these edition programs are embedded in small chips. The program embedded in the chip is called micro (small).

Java FX (Java platform Effects):- Java FX stands for Java platform Effects (Eff=F, ects=X). It provides concepts for developing rich internet applications with more graphics and animations. It’s an extension concept to swing applications of Java SE. The Java FX API is included as part of Java SE software. Just by installing Java SE, we will also get Java FX API.

History about Java editions

In the beginning version of Java1.0, we don’t have editions because in the initial version Java didn’t support server-side web programming and enterprise applications development. It was only supporting standalone applications and applets (client-side web programming development). In the beginning version even it didn’t support database interaction applications (JDBC).

• J2SE (Java Platform 2 Standard Edition)
• J2EE (Java Platform 2 Enterprise Edition)
• J2ME (Java Platform 2 Micro Edition)

• Java SE (Java Platform Standard Edition)
• Java EE (Java Platform Enterprise Edition)
• Java ME (Java Platform Micro Edition)

In Java 1.4 version, for developing RIA (Rich internet applications) a new edition called Java FX also included.

Java Concepts

In the Java programming language, we mainly learn Java Standard Edition (Java SE). Java is a programming language, platform, and technology. Java SE has language concepts (syntaxes and semantics), platform, and technologies. But the Java EE has its own technologies and own platform. Java EE doesn’t provide programming concepts like syntaxes and semantics.

Java SE Concepts

1. Datatypes, Operators, Control statements
2. OOP (Object-oriented programming)
3. JVM Architecture
4. Garbage Collection
5. String Handling
6. Wrapper Classes
7. Exception Handling
8. Multithreading
9. IOStreams (File IO)
10. Collections Framework
11. Regular Expressions
12. Reflection API
13. Annotations
14. Inner Classes
15. AWT, Swings, Applet
16. Date, time, and text format
17. Networking (Socket Programming)

*For RMI, EJB and JSF technologies we have alternate concepts Spring, Hibernate Frameworks, and Micro services, but they developed on the top of Java SE/EE (without learning Java SE/EE we can’t learn them).

Note:- Andriod was developed by using Java SE concepts, not by using Java ME. Andriod is an open-source software stack for mobile devices, and it contains an operating system, middleware, and some key applications. “Andriod” invented by Open Handset Alliance (a group of companies), and is bought by Google in 2005 to develop their mobile “Arsenal”. From 2017 onwards for developing Andriod based mobile application, the official language from Google is Kotlin.

Difference between Java SE and Java EE

Java Platforms

For compiling and executing Java applications every edition has its own execution platforms. Java SE platform is JRE and the Java EE platform is server software (Tomcat, Weblogic e.t.c). Java ME platform is MDK.

For developing, compiling, and executing stand-alone applications we must install JDK with JRE software. For developing, compiling, and executing Java EE web and enterprise applications, we must install server software with JDK. JDK for compiling and server software for executing. For developing, compiling, and executing Java ME applications we must install MDK software.

Applications of Java concepts

Using Java SE and Java EE we can develop different types of applications. They are,

• Standalone Application
• Database interaction Application (JDBC)
• Integrated Application (XML)
• Distributed Application (RMI)
• Websupportive applications (Applets) (It is outdated and nobody is using)

• Web Application (Servlets/JSPs/JSF)
• Enterprise Application (EJB)
• Interoperable Application (Webservices)

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What is java platform standard edition

Thank you for downloading this release of the Java Platform, Standard Edition Development Kit (JDK). The JDK is a development environment for building applications and components using the Java programming language.

The JDK includes tools useful for developing, testing, and monitoring programs written in the Java programming language and running on the Java platform.

Installation

Installation instructions are located on the Java SE documentation site.

JDK Documentation

The on-line Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) Documentation contains API specifications, feature descriptions, developer guides, reference pages for JDK tools and utilities, and links to related information. The Java SE documentation is also available in a download bundle which you can install on your machine. To obtain the documentation bundle visit the Java SE download page. For API documentation, refer to the The Java Platform, Standard Edition API Specification. This documentation provides brief descriptions of the API with an emphasis on specifications, not on code examples

Release Notes

See the Release Notes for additional information pertaining to this release. Please check the on-line release notes for the latest information as they will be updated as needed.

Compatibility

See the JDK 17 Migration Guide for a list of known compatibility issues. Every effort has been made to support programs written for previous versions of the Java platform. Although some incompatible changes were necessary, most software should migrate to the current version with no changes. Most failures to do so are considered bugs, except for a small number of cases where compatibility was deliberately broken, as described on our compatibility web page. Some compatibility-breaking changes were required to close potential security holes or to fix implementation or design bugs.

Bug Reports and Feedback

The JDK Bug Database web site lets you search for and examine existing bug reports, submit your own bug reports, and tell us which bug fixes matter most to you. To directly submit a bug or request a feature, fill out this form:

You can send feedback to the Java SE documentation team.

Please do not seek technical support through the Bug Database or our development teams. For support options, see Support and Services on Oracle Support web site.

Contents of the JDK

This section contains a general summary of the files and directories in the JDK.

Executables
(In the bin/ subdirectory) An implementation of the Java Runtime Environment (JRE). The JRE includes a Java Virtual Machine (JVM™), class libraries, and other files that support the execution of programs written in the Java programming language. This directory also includes tools and utilities that will help you develop, execute, debug, and document programs written in the Java programming language. For further information, see the JDK 17 tools specification at https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/docs/specs/man/index.html

Configuration files
(In the conf/ subdirectory) Files that contain user-configurable options. Files in this directory can be edited to change the JDK’s access permissions, configure security algorithms, and set the Java Cryptography Extension Policy Files which might be used to limit the JDK’s cryptographic strength.

C header Files
(In the include/ subdirectory) C-language header files that support native-code programming with the Java Native Interface and the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) Debugger Interface.

Compiled Java Modules
(in the jmods/ subdirectory) Compiled modules used by jlink to create custom runtimes.

Copyright and License files
(in the legal/ subdirectory) License and copyright files for each module. Includes third party notices as .md (markdown)files.

Additional Libraries
(In the lib/ subdirectory) Additional class libraries and support files required by the JDK. These files are not intended for external use.

Configuration

Configuring the JRE or JDK is not considered a modification for redistribution purposes.

You may configure the software by modifying the files under the conf/ directory as per the Java Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE) Documentation, including selecting one or creating your own Java Cryptography Extension policy file under conf/security/policy . Once you select or create your own you are not required to include alternative policy files.

Root CA certificates may be added to or removed from the Java SE certificate file located in lib/security/cacerts through the use of the keytool utility available in the bin/ subdirectory of the JDK.

You may update the Timezone data included in the Java Runtime Environment by using the Java Time Zone Updater tool available in the Java SE Downloads page.

Unlimited Strength Java Cryptography Extension

The default JCE policy files bundled in this Java Runtime Environment allow for «unlimited» cryptographic strengths.

For convenience, this software also contains the historic «limited» strength policy files which restricts cryptographic strengths. To use the limited strength policy, instead of the default unlimited policy, you must update the «crypto.policy» Security property (in /conf/security/java.security ) to point to the appropriate directory.

You are advised to consult your export/import control counsel or attorney to determine the exact requirements of your location, and what policy settings should be used.

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