What is escape character in java

Characters

Most of the time, if you are using a single character value, you will use the primitive char type. For example:

char ch = 'a'; // Unicode for uppercase Greek omega character char uniChar = '\u03A9'; // an array of chars char[] charArray = < 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e' >;

There are times, however, when you need to use a char as an object—for example, as a method argument where an object is expected. The Java programming language provides a wrapper class that «wraps» the char in a Character object for this purpose. An object of type Character contains a single field, whose type is char . This Character class also offers a number of useful class (that is, static) methods for manipulating characters.

You can create a Character object with the Character constructor:

Character ch = new Character('a');

The Java compiler will also create a Character object for you under some circumstances. For example, if you pass a primitive char into a method that expects an object, the compiler automatically converts the char to a Character for you. This feature is called autoboxing—or unboxing, if the conversion goes the other way. For more information on autoboxing and unboxing, see Autoboxing and Unboxing.

Note: The Character class is immutable, so that once it is created, a Character object cannot be changed.

The following table lists some of the most useful methods in the Character class, but is not exhaustive. For a complete listing of all methods in this class (there are more than 50), refer to the java.lang.Character API specification.

Useful Methods in the Character Class

Method	Description
boolean isLetter(char ch) boolean isDigit(char ch)	Determines whether the specified char value is a letter or a digit, respectively.
boolean isWhitespace(char ch)	Determines whether the specified char value is white space.
boolean isUpperCase(char ch) boolean isLowerCase(char ch)	Determines whether the specified char value is uppercase or lowercase, respectively.
char toUpperCase(char ch) char toLowerCase(char ch)	Returns the uppercase or lowercase form of the specified char value.
toString(char ch)	Returns a String object representing the specified character value — that is, a one-character string.

Escape Sequences

A character preceded by a backslash (\) is an escape sequence and has special meaning to the compiler. The following table shows the Java escape sequences:

Escape Sequences

Escape Sequence	Description
\t	Insert a tab in the text at this point.
\b	Insert a backspace in the text at this point.
\n	Insert a newline in the text at this point.
\r	Insert a carriage return in the text at this point.
\f	Insert a form feed in the text at this point.
\’	Insert a single quote character in the text at this point.
\»	Insert a double quote character in the text at this point.
\\	Insert a backslash character in the text at this point.

When an escape sequence is encountered in a print statement, the compiler interprets it accordingly. For example, if you want to put quotes within quotes you must use the escape sequence, \», on the interior quotes. To print the sentence

System.out.println("She said \"Hello!\" to me.");

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Escaping characters in Java | Explained

An escape sequence indicates an alternative interpretation of a series of characters. In Java, a character before a backslash (\) is an escape sequence. It is utilized to perform actions, including inserting the characters on the new line, carriage return, and inserting a tab between string characters. It also provides the facility to represent the characters that have some special meaning in double quotes and so on.

This write-up will state about the escaping characters in Java.

What are Escaping Characters in Java?

Java provides the facility to utilize the escape characters to signal an alternative interpretation of a series of characters. Java provides the facility to precede the characters by using the backslash. The compiler of Java takes an escape sequence as a single character which has some special meaning. There are various escape characters are available in Java listed below:

How to Utilize the Escaping Characters in Java

To use the escaping characters in Java, check out the following examples stated below:

Example 1: Use of \t

“\t” is used to insert a tab between the two words in a defined string. To do so, we will define a string variable and pass a string as the value of the variable:

Invoke the “println()” method and pass the defined string variable as the argument of this method to display the output on the console:

It can be observed that the tab is inserted successfully between the string words:

Example 2: Use of \’

This “\’” escape character splits the Java String into different parts by inserting a single quote. For practical purposes, make a string, and set the “\’” in the string words to separate the words. Then, store this string in a variable:

Invoke the “println()” method to display the result on the screen:

As a result, the string words are separated with the single quote:

Example 3: Use of \n

The “\n” escape character is utilized to move the carriage down in the new blank line. For that purpose, the “\n” is set in between the string words:

Then, print the output on the console with the help of the “println()” method:

Example 4: Use of \”

The \” escape character is used to insert double quotes in the Java String. For demonstration, double quotes are added around the TSL LTD UK:

Example 5: Use of \r

The “\r” is used to move the carriage left in the new line. For that purpose, we will define a string and store it in a variable. Inside the string, we will set the “\r” to move the text to the new blank line:

Example 6: Use of \\

The “\\” is utilized to put a backslash in the string. To do so, the “\\” is placed between the words:

Now, invoke the “println()” method to show the result on the console:

Example 7: Use of \f

For moving to a new page from a certain point in a string while printing, the “\f” escape is used. A small example is shown below:

Then, invoke the “println()” method to show the result on the screen:

That’s all about the escaping characters in Java.

Conclusion

There are various escape characters used in Java, including “\t”, “\’”, “\n”, “\’’”, “\r”, “\\”, “\f”, etc. For example, the “\t” inserts the tab between the string words, and “\n” moves the cursor to the new line. This post has stated most known escape characters in Java.

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Java Escape Sequences

A quick guide to escape characters in java with examples.

1. Overview

2. What is the meaning of Escape Sequence in Java?

what is the importance of it?

If we want to send some special instructions to the JVM, we need to use the escape character with the backslash.

3 Escape Sequences List

4. What is the length of the special escape sequence?

When we look at any escape character, it has a total of two characters. One is backslash and the other is an escape character.

package com.javaprogramto.programs.escape.sequences; public class EscapeSequencesExample1 < public static void main(String[] args) < String newLineEscapeSequence1 = "\n"; System.out.println("\\n length is "+newLineEscapeSequence1.length()); String newLineEscapeSequence2 = "\n\n"; System.out.println("\\n\\n length is "+newLineEscapeSequence2.length()); String tabEscapeSequence1 = "\t"; System.out.println("\\t length is "+tabEscapeSequence1.length()); String backslashEscapeSequence1 = "\\"; System.out.println("\\\\ length is "+backslashEscapeSequence1.length()); >>

\n length is 1 \n\n length is 2 \t length is 1 \\ length is 1

«\n» length is coming as 1 and «\n\n» length is coming as 4. So every escape combination is a 1 character to the jvm.

And also you can observer how the «\\» used with new line character n as «\\n» because «\\» is a special escape character to print it as backslash we need to escape it with backslash «\» as shown in the abvoe example system.out.println()

5. How to handle Octal and Unicode characters in java with escape sequence?

Using octal escape sequence, we can represent characters whose Unicode code range from 0 to 255 decimal integers.

package com.javaprogramto.programs.escape.sequences; public class EscapeSequencesExample2 < public static void main(String[] args) < // octal escape sequence examples String octalEscape1 = "\52"; System.out.println("\\52 octal represntation is " + octalEscape1); String octalEscape2 = "\53"; System.out.println("\\53 octal represntation is " + octalEscape2); // unicode escape sequence examples String unicodeEscape1 = "\u5222"; System.out.println("\\u5222 unicode represntation is " + unicodeEscape1); String unicodeEscape2 = "\u5333"; System.out.println("\\u5333 unicode represntation is " + unicodeEscape2); >>

\52 octal represntation is * \53 octal represntation is + \u5222 unicode represntation is 刢 \u5333 unicode represntation is 匳

6. Java Escape Sequences Exmples

As we seen in the section 3, all escape characters supported by java. Let us write the simple exmaple to use all of these one by one.

package com.javaprogramto.programs.escape.sequences; public class EscapeSequencesExample3 < public static void main(String[] args) < // newline \n escape sequence String newlineEscape = "hello\nworld"; System.out.println("\nnewline : "); System.out.println(newlineEscape); // tab \t escape sequence String tabEscape = "hello\tworld"; System.out.println("\ntab : "); System.out.println(tabEscape); // backspace \b escape sequence String backspaceEscape = "hello\bworld"; System.out.println("\nbackspace : "); System.out.println(backspaceEscape); // carriage \r escape sequence String carriageEscape = "hello\rworld"; System.out.println("\ncarriage : "); System.out.println(carriageEscape); // form feed \f escape sequence String formfeedEscape = "hello\fworld"; System.out.println("\nform feed : "); System.out.println(formfeedEscape); // single quote \' escape sequence String singlequoteEscape = "hello\'world"; System.out.println("\nsingle equote : "); System.out.println(singlequoteEscape); // double quote \" escape sequence String doublequoteEscape = "hello\"world"; System.out.println("\ndouble quote : "); System.out.println(doublequoteEscape); // backslash \\ escape sequence String backslashEscape = "hello\\world"; System.out.println("\nbackslash : "); System.out.println(backslashEscape); >>

newline : hello world tab : hello world backspace : helloworld carriage : hello world form feed : hello world single equote : hello'world double quote : hello"world backslash : hello\world

7. Conclusion

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