Web programming using javascript

Javascript Tutorial For Beginners

Join us in learning JavaScript, the essential programming language of the internet . Our comprehensive course will guide you through the fundamentals of JavaScript and provide you with the skills and knowledge to confidently apply it to your projects.

Through a series of interactive lessons and hands-on exercises, you will progress from the basics to advanced concepts, learning by example and completing practical projects along the way.

Introduction to JavaScript

Let’s start by learning what JavaScript is, and why it is so important.

What is JavaScript?

JavaScript is a programming language that is primarily used to create interactive and dynamic websites.

It is one of the three core technologies of the World Wide Web, along with HTML for defining the structure and content of a web page, and CSS for defining the style and layout of a web page.

It is often used to add interactivity to websites, such as responding to user events (like clicks or hovers), modifying the content or appearance of a web page, or creating simple animations.

It is also commonly used to build web applications and automate tasks.

JavaScript is an ideal choice for creating interactive web pages that can run without the need for constant communication with a server.

History of JavaScript

JavaScript was first developed in the mid-1990s by Netscape , a company that was at the forefront of the early web. It was originally intended to be a simple scripting language for adding interactivity to web pages.

It was created by Netscape programmer Brendan Eich in just 10 days, and it was first introduced in the Netscape Navigator 2.0 browser in 1995.

The language was initially called LiveScript, but it was later renamed to JavaScript to capitalize on the popularity of Java.

Today, JavaScript is used by millions of developers around the globe, and it is supported by all modern web browsers. Infact it is the most popular programming language in the world.

Uses of JavaScript

Javascript is significantly utilized for web development but nowadays it is also used for many other things, including:

• Creating web applications : JavaScript can be used to build complex web applications, such as online stores, social media platforms, or productivity tools.
• Automating tasks : JavaScript can be used to automate tasks, such as data validation, data manipulation, and form submission.
• Building mobile applications : JavaScript can be used to build cross-platform mobile applications using frameworks like React Native or Cordova.
• Creating games : JavaScript can be used to build browser-based games or mobile games using frameworks like Phaser or Pixi.js.
• Working with server-side technologies : JavaScript can be used in combination with server-side technologies like Node.js to build full-stack web applications.

Javascript is now everywhere you can do front-end, back-end, mobile app development, desktop app development, game development, application testing, and many more.

JavaScript syntax and data types

JavaScript syntax refers to the set of rules that govern how the language should be written and structured. Some basic elements of JavaScript syntax include:

Variables: Variables are used to store and manipulate data. They are declared using the var , let , and const keywords, and they can be assigned a value using the assignment operator (=).

var name = "John"; let age = 25; const isMarried = false;

let x = 5; let y = 2; let z = x + y; // z = 7 let y += 2; // y = 4 let z = x > y; // z = true

JavaScript also supports multiple different data types such as:

• Strings : It represent text and are written within quotes. For example, «Hello World» or ‘Hello World’ .
• Numbers : Numbers represent numeric values. For example, 123 , 3.14 , -99 , and 2.5e3 .
• Booleans : Boolean represents logical values and can only be true or false .
• Arrays : Arrays are used to store multiple values in a single variable. For example, var cars = [«Saab», «Volvo», «BMW»]; .
• Objects : Objects are used to store collections of data and more complex entities. For example, var person = .

Comparison to other programming languages

Here is a table comparing JavaScript to other popular programming languages:

Language	Popular Use	Platform	Type System	Syntax	Community	Performance
JavaScript	Web development	Cross-platform	Dynamic	Simple	Large	Fast
Java	Web, mobile, desktop	Cross-platform	Static	Verbose	Large	Fast
C#	Windows, web	Windows	Static	Verbose	Moderate	Fast
Python	Web, scientific	Cross-platform	Dynamic	Simple	Large	Moderate

Advantages of JavaScript

Here are some of the advantages of JavaScript:

• JavaScript is a programming language that allows you to add interactive elements and dynamic functionality to your websites and web applications.
• It’s easy to learn, even if you’re new to programming, and there are tons of resources available online to help you get started.
• JavaScript is supported by all modern web browsers, so you can reach a wide audience with your applications.
• You can use JavaScript to build a variety of different types of applications, from simple web pages to complex systems.
• The developer community for JavaScript is active and supportive, with lots of libraries, frameworks, and tools available to help you build your projects more efficiently.
• JavaScript is constantly improving and evolving, so you can stay up-to-date with the latest developments in web technology and build even more powerful applications.

Practical examples of using JavaScript

Here are some practical examples of using JavaScript:

Declaring variables:

// Declare a variable 'x' and assign it the value 10 let x = 10;

Using operators:

let a = 10; let b = 20; let c = a + b; let d = a - b;

Declaring functions:

// Declare a function 'add' that takes two parameters 'a' and 'b' function add(a, b) < return a + b; >// Call the function 'add' with the arguments 5 and 10 let result = add(5, 10);

learn javascript through projects

In the programming world the more you make projects better you understand concepts and the more you become creative, so our JavaScript tutorial for beginners has lots of projects for you to easily start with making web projects.

Here is a collection of JavaScript projects that you should create as a beginner.

JavaScript topics to learn

Here is a list of JavaScript topics and other related useful articles:

• JavaScript Tutorial
• Hello World in JavaScript
• JavaScript Syntax
• How To Display Output in JavaScript
• JavaScript Console
• JavaScript Comment
• Variables in JavaScript
• JavaScript Data Types
• JavaScript Operators
• JavaScript Arithmetic
• Assigning value in JavaScript
• JavaScript Conditions (if. else)
• JavaScript ternary operator
• JavaScript Switch statement
• JavaScript for loop
• JavaScript while loop
• JavaScript break and continue statements
• Star pattern in JavaScript
• JavaScript alphabet pattern
• Number pattern in JavaScript
• JavaScript function
• JavaScript arrow function
• Creating random numbers in JavaScript
• Events in JavaScript
• JavaScript Objects
• JavaScript Array
• Array methods in JavaScript
• Sort array in JavaScript
• JavaScript String
• String methods in JavaScript
• JavaScript Date
• Math Object in JavaScript
• Number object in JavaScript
• JavaScript boolean
• JavaScript type conversion
• this in JavaScript

• DOM introduction
• Document in JavaScript
• JavaScript DOM methods
• Finding an element in the document
• Get and Set attribute using JavaScript
• Add CSS using JavaScript
• Adding and removing elements using JavaScript
• JavaScript DOM events
• JavaScript DOM navigation
• Cookies in JavaScript

javascript projects for beginners

Difference between:

JavaScript String Methods

• charAt in JavaScript
• charCodeAt Method JavaScript
• Concatenate Strings in JavaScript
• Includes String Method
• indexOf String Method
• endsWith String Method In JavaScript
• startsWith String Method In JavaScript
• lastIndexOf string method in javascript
• match String In JavaScript
• JavaScript uppercase
• JavaScript String matchAll Method
• repeat String In JavaScript
• replace String In JavaScript
• Split string in javascript
• JavaScript Replace All In String
• Search in a string using regex
• Slice String JavaScript
• Substring In Javascript

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JavaScript Tutorial

JavaScript is the world’s most popular programming language.

JavaScript is the programming language of the Web.

JavaScript is easy to learn.

This tutorial will teach you JavaScript from basic to advanced.

Examples in Each Chapter

With our «Try it Yourself» editor, you can edit the source code and view the result.

Example

My First JavaScript

Use the Menu

We recommend reading this tutorial, in the sequence listed in the menu.

If you have a large screen, the menu will always be present on the left.

If you have a small screen, open the menu by clicking the top menu sign ☰ .

Learn by Examples

Examples are better than 1000 words. Examples are often easier to understand than text explanations.

This tutorial supplements all explanations with clarifying «Try it Yourself» examples.

If you try all the examples, you will learn a lot about JavaScript, in a very short time!

Why Study JavaScript?

JavaScript is one of the 3 languages all web developers must learn:

1. HTML to define the content of web pages

2. CSS to specify the layout of web pages

3. JavaScript to program the behavior of web pages

This tutorial covers every version of JavaScript:

• The Original JavaScript ES1 ES2 ES3 (1997-1999)
• The First Main Revision ES5 (2009)
• The Second Revision ES6 (2015)
• All Yearly Additions (2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020)

Learning Speed

In this tutorial, the learning speed is your choice.

If you are struggling, take a break, or re-read the material.

Always make sure you understand all the «Try-it-Yourself» examples.

The only way to become a clever programmer is to: Practice. Practice. Practice. Code. Code. Code !

Commonly Asked Questions

You don’t have to get or download JavaScript.

JavaScript is already running in your browser on your computer, on your tablet, and on your smart-phone.

JavaScript is free to use for everyone.

My Learning

Track your progress with the free «My Learning» program here at W3Schools.

Log in to your account, and start earning points!

This is an optional feature. You can study W3Schools without using My Learning.

JavaScript References

W3Schools maintains a complete JavaScript reference, including all HTML and browser objects.

The reference contains examples for all properties, methods and events, and is continuously updated according to the latest web standards.

JavaScript Quiz Test

Test your JavaScript skills at W3Schools!

JavaScript Exam — Get Your Diploma!

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