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Text Input Control

Содержание
  1. HTML — Forms
  2. Form Attributes
  3. HTML Form Controls
  4. Text Input Controls
  5. Single-line text input controls
  6. Example
  7. Attributes
  8. Password input controls
  9. Example
  10. Attributes
  11. Multiple-Line Text Input Controls
  12. Example
  13. Attributes
  14. Checkbox Control
  15. Example
  16. Attributes
  17. Radio Button Control
  18. Example
  19. Attributes
  20. Select Box Control
  21. Example
  22. Attributes
  23. File Upload Box
  24. Example
  25. Attributes
  26. Button Controls
  27. Example
  28. Hidden Form Controls
  29. Example
  30. HTML Forms
  31. Example
  32. The Element
  33. The Element
  34. Text Fields
  35. Example
  36. The Element
  37. Radio Buttons
  38. Example
  39. Checkboxes
  40. Example
  41. The Submit Button
  42. Example
  43. Example

HTML — Forms

HTML Forms are required, when you want to collect some data from the site visitor. For example, during user registration you would like to collect information such as name, email address, credit card, etc.

A form will take input from the site visitor and then will post it to a back-end application such as CGI, ASP Script or PHP script etc. The back-end application will perform required processing on the passed data based on defined business logic inside the application.

There are various form elements available like text fields, textarea fields, drop-down menus, radio buttons, checkboxes, etc.

The HTML tag is used to create an HTML form and it has following syntax −

 
form elements like input, textarea etc.

Form Attributes

Apart from common attributes, following is a list of the most frequently used form attributes −

Backend script ready to process your passed data.

Method to be used to upload data. The most frequently used are GET and POST methods.

Specify the target window or frame where the result of the script will be displayed. It takes values like _blank, _self, _parent etc.

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You can use the enctype attribute to specify how the browser encodes the data before it sends it to the server. Possible values are −

application/x-www-form-urlencoded − This is the standard method most forms use in simple scenarios.

mutlipart/form-data − This is used when you want to upload binary data in the form of files like image, word file etc.

Note − You can refer to Perl & CGI for a detail on how form data upload works.

HTML Form Controls

There are different types of form controls that you can use to collect data using HTML form −

  • Text Input Controls
  • Checkboxes Controls
  • Radio Box Controls
  • Select Box Controls
  • File Select boxes
  • Hidden Controls
  • Clickable Buttons
  • Submit and Reset Button

Text Input Controls

There are three types of text input used on forms −

  • Single-line text input controls − This control is used for items that require only one line of user input, such as search boxes or names. They are created using HTML tag.
  • Password input controls − This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon as a user enters it. They are also created using HTMl tag.
  • Multi-line text input controls − This is used when the user is required to give details that may be longer than a single sentence. Multi-line input controls are created using HTML tag.

Single-line text input controls

This control is used for items that require only one line of user input, such as search boxes or names. They are created using HTML tag.

Example

Here is a basic example of a single-line text input used to take first name and last name −

      
First name:  
Last name:

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for tag for creating text field.

Indicates the type of input control and for text input control it will be set to text.

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into the text box.

Password input controls

This is also a single-line text input but it masks the character as soon as a user enters it. They are also created using HTML tag but type attribute is set to password.

Example

Here is a basic example of a single-line password input used to take user password −

      
User ID :  
Password:

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for tag for creating password field.

Indicates the type of input control and for password input control it will be set to password.

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

This can be used to provide an initial value inside the control.

Allows to specify the width of the text-input control in terms of characters.

Allows to specify the maximum number of characters a user can enter into the text box.

Multiple-Line Text Input Controls

This is used when the user is required to give details that may be longer than a single sentence. Multi-line input controls are created using HTML tag.

Example

Here is a basic example of a multi-line text input used to take item description −

      
Description :

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for tag.

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

Indicates the number of rows of text area box.

Indicates the number of columns of text area box

Checkbox Control

Checkboxes are used when more than one option is required to be selected. They are also created using HTML tag but type attribute is set to checkbox..

Example

Here is an example HTML code for a form with two checkboxes −

      
 Maths Physics

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for tag.

Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be set to checkbox..

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

The value that will be used if the checkbox is selected.

Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Radio Button Control

Radio buttons are used when out of many options, just one option is required to be selected. They are also created using HTML tag but type attribute is set to radio.

Example

Here is example HTML code for a form with two radio buttons −

      
 Maths Physics

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of attributes for radio button.

Indicates the type of input control and for checkbox input control it will be set to radio.

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

The value that will be used if the radio box is selected.

Set to checked if you want to select it by default.

Select Box Control

A select box, also called drop down box which provides option to list down various options in the form of drop down list, from where a user can select one or more options.

Example

Here is example HTML code for a form with one drop down box

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of important attributes of tag −

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

This can be used to present a scrolling list box.

If set to «multiple» then allows a user to select multiple items from the menu.

Following is the list of important attributes of tag −

The value that will be used if an option in the select box box is selected.

Specifies that this option should be the initially selected value when the page loads.

An alternative way of labeling options

File Upload Box

If you want to allow a user to upload a file to your web site, you will need to use a file upload box, also known as a file select box. This is also created using the element but type attribute is set to file.

Example

Here is example HTML code for a form with one file upload box −

This will produce the following result −

Attributes

Following is the list of important attributes of file upload box −

Used to give a name to the control which is sent to the server to be recognized and get the value.

Specifies the types of files that the server accepts.

Button Controls

There are various ways in HTML to create clickable buttons. You can also create a clickable button using tag by setting its type attribute to button. The type attribute can take the following values −

This creates a button that automatically submits a form.

This creates a button that automatically resets form controls to their initial values.

This creates a button that is used to trigger a client-side script when the user clicks that button.

This creates a clickable button but we can use an image as background of the button.

Example

Here is example HTML code for a form with three types of buttons −

This will produce the following result −

Hidden Form Controls

Hidden form controls are used to hide data inside the page which later on can be pushed to the server. This control hides inside the code and does not appear on the actual page. For example, following hidden form is being used to keep current page number. When a user will click next page then the value of hidden control will be sent to the web server and there it will decide which page will be displayed next based on the passed current page.

Example

Here is example HTML code to show the usage of hidden control −

      
This is page 10

This will produce the following result −

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HTML Forms

An HTML form is used to collect user input. The user input is most often sent to a server for processing.

Example

The Element

The HTML element is used to create an HTML form for user input:

The element is a container for different types of input elements, such as: text fields, checkboxes, radio buttons, submit buttons, etc.

All the different form elements are covered in this chapter: HTML Form Elements.

The Element

The HTML element is the most used form element.

An element can be displayed in many ways, depending on the type attribute.

Type Description
Displays a single-line text input field
Displays a radio button (for selecting one of many choices)
Displays a checkbox (for selecting zero or more of many choices)
Displays a submit button (for submitting the form)
Displays a clickable button

All the different input types are covered in this chapter: HTML Input Types.

Text Fields

The defines a single-line input field for text input.

Example

A form with input fields for text:

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

Note: The form itself is not visible. Also note that the default width of an input field is 20 characters.

The Element

Notice the use of the element in the example above.

The tag defines a label for many form elements.

The element is useful for screen-reader users, because the screen-reader will read out loud the label when the user focuses on the input element.

The element also helps users who have difficulty clicking on very small regions (such as radio buttons or checkboxes) — because when the user clicks the text within the element, it toggles the radio button/checkbox.

The for attribute of the tag should be equal to the id attribute of the element to bind them together.

Radio Buttons

The defines a radio button.

Radio buttons let a user select ONE of a limited number of choices.

Example

A form with radio buttons:

Choose your favorite Web language:

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

Choose your favorite Web language:

Checkboxes

The defines a checkbox.

Checkboxes let a user select ZERO or MORE options of a limited number of choices.

Example

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

I have a bike
I have a car
I have a boat

The Submit Button

The defines a button for submitting the form data to a form-handler.

The form-handler is typically a file on the server with a script for processing input data.

The form-handler is specified in the form’s action attribute.

Example

A form with a submit button:

This is how the HTML code above will be displayed in a browser:

The Name Attribute for

Notice that each input field must have a name attribute to be submitted.

If the name attribute is omitted, the value of the input field will not be sent at all.

Example

This example will not submit the value of the «First name» input field:

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