Текст

Форматирование текста

Форматирование текста — средства его изменения, такие как выбор начертания шрифта и использование эффектов, позволяющих менять вид текста. В табл. 1 перечислены основные теги, которые применяются для изменения оформления текста.

Табл. 1. Теги для форматирования текста

Код HTML Описание Пример Текст Жирное начертание текста Текст Текст Курсивное начертание текста Текст ^Текст Верхний индекс e=mc 2 _Текст Нижний индекс H₂O

Текст

Текст пишется как есть, включая все пробелы

Любые теги форматирования текста можно использовать совместно друг с другом. Чтобы сделать текст одновременно жирным и курсивным шрифтом используется сочетание тегов и (пример 1). Их порядок в данном случае не важен.

Пример 1. Жирный курсивный текст

      
Он словно вырезан из камня, стоек и неподвижен в отличие от его противников. Дух и жизненная сила в нём достигла совершенства. Но вот беда — никто не смеет принять его вызов.
  

Результат данного примера показан на рис. 1.

Рис. 1. Вид курсивного жирного начертания текста

Использование тегов и сдвигает текст относительно базовой линии и уменьшает размер шрифта (пример 2).

Пример 2. Создание нижнего индекса

      
Формула изумруда: Be3Al2(SiO3)6
  

Результат данного примера показан на рис. 2.

Рис. 2. Нижний индекс в тексте

Теги и выполняют те же функции, что теги и , но написание последних короче, привычней и удобней.

Следует отметить, что теги и , также как и являются не совсем эквивалентными и заменяемыми. Первый тег — является тегом физической разметки и устанавливает жирный текст, а тег — тегом логической разметки и определяет важность помеченного текста. Такое разделение тегов на логическое и физическое форматирование изначально предназначалось, чтобы сделать HTML универсальным, в том числе не зависящим от устройства вывода информации. Теоретически, если воспользоваться, например, речевым браузером, то текст, оформленный с помощью тегов и , будет отмечен по-разному. Однако получилось так, что в популярных браузерах результат использования этих тегов равнозначен.

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HTML Text Formatting

HTML contains several elements for defining text with a special meaning.

Example

This is _subscript and superscript

HTML Formatting Elements

Formatting elements were designed to display special types of text:

• — Bold text
• — Important text
• — Italic text
• — Emphasized text
• — Marked text
• — Smaller text
• — Deleted text
• — Inserted text
• — Subscript text
• — Superscript text

HTML and Elements

The HTML element defines bold text, without any extra importance.

Example

The HTML element defines text with strong importance. The content inside is typically displayed in bold.

Example

HTML and Elements

The HTML element defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood. The content inside is typically displayed in italic.

Tip: The tag is often used to indicate a technical term, a phrase from another language, a thought, a ship name, etc.

Example

The HTML element defines emphasized text. The content inside is typically displayed in italic.

Tip: A screen reader will pronounce the words in with an emphasis, using verbal stress.

Example

HTML Element

The HTML element defines smaller text:

Example

HTML Element

The HTML element defines text that should be marked or highlighted:

Example

Do not forget to buy milk today.

HTML Element

The HTML element defines text that has been deleted from a document. Browsers will usually strike a line through deleted text:

Example

My favorite color is blue red.

HTML Element

The HTML element defines a text that has been inserted into a document. Browsers will usually underline inserted text:

Example

HTML Element

The HTML _{element defines subscript text. Subscript text appears half a character below the normal line, and is sometimes rendered in a smaller font. Subscript text can be used for chemical formulas, like H2O:}

Example

HTML Element

The HTML element defines superscript text. Superscript text appears half a character above the normal line, and is sometimes rendered in a smaller font. Superscript text can be used for footnotes, like WWW [1] :

Example

This is ^{superscripted} text.

HTML Exercises

HTML Text Formatting Elements

Tag	Description
	Defines bold text
	Defines emphasized text
	Defines a part of text in an alternate voice or mood
	Defines smaller text
	Defines important text
	Defines subscripted text
	Defines superscripted text
	Defines inserted text
	Defines deleted text
	Defines marked/highlighted text

For a complete list of all available HTML tags, visit our HTML Tag Reference.

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font-weight

The font-weight CSS property sets the weight (or boldness) of the font. The weights available depend on the font-family that is currently set.

Try it

Syntax

/* Keyword values */ font-weight: normal; font-weight: bold; /* Keyword values relative to the parent */ font-weight: lighter; font-weight: bolder; /* Numeric keyword values */ font-weight: 100; font-weight: 200; font-weight: 300; font-weight: 400; /* normal */ font-weight: 500; font-weight: 600; font-weight: 700; /* bold */ font-weight: 800; font-weight: 900; /* Global values */ font-weight: inherit; font-weight: initial; font-weight: revert; font-weight: revert-layer; font-weight: unset; 

The font-weight property is specified using any one of the values listed below.

Values

Normal font weight. Same as 400 .

Bold font weight. Same as 700 .

One relative font weight lighter than the parent element. Note that only four font weights are considered for relative weight calculation; see the Meaning of relative weights section below.

One relative font weight heavier than the parent element. Note that only four font weights are considered for relative weight calculation; see the Meaning of relative weights section below.

In earlier versions of the font-weight specification, the property accepts only keyword values and the numeric values 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 700, 800, and 900; non-variable fonts can only really make use of these set values, although fine-grained values (e.g. 451) will be translated to one of these values for non-variable fonts using the Fallback weights system.

CSS Fonts Level 4 extends the syntax to accept any number between 1 and 1000 and introduces Variable fonts, which can make use of this much finer-grained range of font weights.

Fallback weights

If the exact weight given is unavailable, then the following rule is used to determine the weight actually rendered:

• If the target weight given is between 400 and 500 inclusive:
  • Look for available weights between the target and 500 , in ascending order.
  • If no match is found, look for available weights less than the target, in descending order.
  • If no match is found, look for available weights greater than 500 , in ascending order.

  Meaning of relative weights

  When lighter or bolder is specified, the below chart shows how the absolute font weight of the element is determined.

  Note that when using relative weights, only four font weights are considered — thin (100), normal (400), bold (700), and heavy (900). If a font-family has more weights available, they are ignored for the purposes of relative weight calculation.

  Inherited value	bolder	lighter
  100	400	100
  200	400	100
  300	400	100
  400	700	100
  500	700	100
  600	900	400
  700	900	400
  800	900	700
  900	900	700

  Common weight name mapping

  The numerical values 100 to 900 roughly correspond to the following common weight names (see the OpenType specification):

  Value	Common weight name
  100	Thin (Hairline)
  200	Extra Light (Ultra Light)
  300	Light
  400	Normal (Regular)
  500	Medium
  600	Semi Bold (Demi Bold)
  700	Bold
  800	Extra Bold (Ultra Bold)
  900	Black (Heavy)
  950	Extra Black (Ultra Black)

  Variable fonts

  Most fonts have a particular weight which corresponds to one of the numbers in Common weight name mapping. However some fonts, called variable fonts, can support a range of weights with a more or less fine granularity, and this can give the designer a much closer degree of control over the chosen weight.

  For TrueType or OpenType variable fonts, the «wght» variation is used to implement varying widths.

  Note: For the example below to work, you’ll need a browser that supports the CSS Fonts Level 4 syntax in which font-weight can be any number between 1 and 1000 . The demo loads with font-weight: 500; . Change the value to see the weight of the text change.

  Accessibility concerns

  People experiencing low vision conditions may have difficulty reading text set with a font-weight value of 100 (Thin/Hairline) or 200 (Extra Light), especially if the font has a low contrast color ratio.

  Formal definition

  Initial value	normal
  Applies to	all elements. It also applies to ::first-letter and ::first-line .
  Inherited	yes
  Computed value	the keyword or the numerical value as specified, with bolder and lighter transformed to the real value
  Animation type	a font weight

  Formal syntax

  font-weight =
  |
  bolder |
  lighter

  =
  normal |
  bold |

  Examples

  Setting font weights

  HTML

  p> Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, "and what is the use of a book," thought Alice "without pictures or conversations?" p> div> I'm heavybr /> span>I'm lighterspan> div> 

  CSS

  /* Set paragraph text to be bold. */ p  font-weight: bold; > /* Set div text to two steps heavier than normal but less than a standard bold. */ div  font-weight: 600; > /* Set span text to be one step lighter than its parent. */ span  font-weight: lighter; > 

  Result

  Specifications

  Browser compatibility

  BCD tables only load in the browser

  See also

  Found a content problem with this page?

  This page was last modified on Jul 26, 2023 by MDN contributors.

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  HTML Bold

  This page contains various HTML bold codes — HTML codes for creating bold text.

  There’s more than one way in HTML to bold text. This can be slightly confusing — especially if you aren’t familiar with HTML coding. However, once you get your head around it, you’ll find that each method has its place, and you can — and probably should — use a combination of these whenever you want HTML bold text.

  CSS Bold: font-weight Property

  CSS provides the font-weight property to make your text bold.

  You can also specify the «boldness factor» (instead of just specifying bold ). In other words, you can apply different levels of boldness to different text. Plus you can even specify that text should not be bold. To learn more about this, read about the font-weight property.

  The above example uses inline style sheets, however, I highly recommend learning how to use external style sheets and CSS classes, as this will enable you to apply your styles across your whole website in one go.

  HTML Bold: Tag

  When most people think «HTML bold», they usually think of text that has been boldened using the HTML tag.

  Here’s an example of creating «HTML bold» using the tag:

  So Which «HTML Bold» Tag Should I Use?

  The HTML specification includes several tags for presented boldened/emphasized/highlighted text. Each tag has its own special meaning.

  The following table outlines the HTML tags in question:

  HTML Tag	When to use this tag
  	Use on text to be stylistically offset from the normal prose without conveying any extra importance, such as key words in a document abstract, product names in a review, or other spans of text whose typical typographic presentation is boldened.
  	This element represents stress emphasis of its contents. Use this tag whenever you want to place emphasis on a particular word or phrase.
  , , , , , &	Use these tags for defining different levels of headings.
  	This element represents a run of text in one document marked or highlighted for reference purposes, due to its relevance in another context. Use this tag when you want to highlight a particular word or phrase for reference purposes.
  	This element represents strong importance for its contents. Use this tag whenever you want to convey importance for a particular word or phrase.

  Here’s what the HTML specification says about HTML bold and other emphasized/highlighted text:

  Combining CSS Bold and HTML Bold

  Actually, a combination of CSS and HTML is often the best way to bold text in HTML documents.

  You should use HTML to define the meaning of the marked up text, then use CSS to define the way that the text looks.

  As the HTML specification says:

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