Stack data structure in java

Class Stack

The Stack class represents a last-in-first-out (LIFO) stack of objects. It extends class Vector with five operations that allow a vector to be treated as a stack. The usual push and pop operations are provided, as well as a method to peek at the top item on the stack, a method to test for whether the stack is empty , and a method to search the stack for an item and discover how far it is from the top.

When a stack is first created, it contains no items.

A more complete and consistent set of LIFO stack operations is provided by the Deque interface and its implementations, which should be used in preference to this class. For example:

 Deque stack = new ArrayDeque();

Field Summary

Fields declared in class java.util.Vector

Fields declared in class java.util.AbstractList

Constructor Summary

Method Summary

Methods declared in class java.util.Vector

Methods declared in class java.lang.Object

Methods declared in interface java.util.Collection

Methods declared in interface java.util.List

Constructor Details

Stack

Method Details

push

pop

peek

empty

search

Returns the 1-based position where an object is on this stack. If the object o occurs as an item in this stack, this method returns the distance from the top of the stack of the occurrence nearest the top of the stack; the topmost item on the stack is considered to be at distance 1 . The equals method is used to compare o to the items in this stack.

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Stack data structure in java

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Java Guides

A stack is an ordered list in which insertion and deletion are done at one end, called a top. The last element inserted is the first one to be deleted. Hence, it is called the Last in First out (LIFO) or First in Last out (FILO) list.

Stack Real-World Examples

1. In below diagram, the first image shows a container is filled with balls we will try to always take a last inserted ball so it is a last in first out. The second image is a list of mail envelopes and most of the peoples will always take the topmost envelope and then second top etc.

2. A pile of plates in a cafeteria is a good example of a stack. The plates are added to the stack as they are cleaned and they are placed on the top. When a plate, is required it is taken from the top of the stack. The first plate placed on the stack is the last one to be used.

Stack Operations

Stack Concepts

1. When an element is inserted in a stack, the concept is called a push .
2. When an element is removed from the stack, the concept is called pop .
3. Trying to pop out an empty stack is called underflow (treat as Exception).
4. Trying to push an element in a full stack is called overflow (treat as Exception).

Main stack operations

Push Operation

If the linked list is used to implement the stack, then in step 3, we need to allocate space dynamically.

Pop Operation

Accessing the content while removing it from the stack, is known as a Pop Operation. In an array implementation of pop() operation, the data element is not actually removed, instead top is decremented to a lower position in the stack to point to the next value. But in linked-list implementation, pop() actually removes data element and deallocates memory space.

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