Special character codes html

HTML Entity List

Complete list of HTML entities with their numbers and names. Also included is a full list of ASCII characters that can be represented in HTML (i.e. printable characters).

ASCII Characters (Printable)

Only printable characters are displayed as control characters (0-31) shouldn’t be present in HTML pages since they have no visual representations.

Character	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
	Space
!	!	Exclamation mark
«	"	Quotation mark
#	#	Number sign
$	$	Dollar sign
%	%	Percent sign
&	&	&	Ampersand
‘	'	Apostrophe
(	(	Opening/Left Parenthesis
)	)	Closing/Right Parenthesis
*	*	Asterisk
+	+	Plus sign
,	,	Comma
—	-	Hyphen
.	.	Period
/	/	Slash
0	0	Digit 0
1	1	Digit 1
2	2	Digit 2
3	3	Digit 3
4	4	Digit 4
5	5	Digit 5
6	6	Digit 6
7	7	Digit 7
8	8	Digit 8
9	9	Digit 9
:	:	Colon
;	;	Semicolon
	<	<	Less-than
=	=	Equals sign
>	>	>	Greater than
?	?	Question mark
@	@	At sign
A	A	Uppercase A
B	B	Uppercase B
C	C	Uppercase C
D	D	Uppercase D
E	E	Uppercase E
F	F	Uppercase F
G	G	Uppercase G
H	H	Uppercase H
I	I	Uppercase I
J	J	Uppercase J
K	K	Uppercase K
L	L	Uppercase L
M	M	Uppercase M
N	N	Uppercase N
O	O	Uppercase O
P	P	Uppercase P
Q	Q	Uppercase Q
R	R	Uppercase R
S	S	Uppercase S
T	T	Uppercase T
U	U	Uppercase U
V	V	Uppercase V
W	W	Uppercase W
X	X	Uppercase X
Y	Y	Uppercase Y
Z	Z	Uppercase Z
[	[	Opening/Left square bracket
\	\	Backslash
]	]	Closing/Right square bracket
^	^	Caret
_	_	Underscore
`	`	Grave accent
a	a	Lowercase a
b	b	Lowercase b
c	c	Lowercase c
d	d	Lowercase d
e	e	Lowercase e
f	f	Lowercase f
g	g	Lowercase g
h	h	Lowercase h
i	i	Lowercase i
j	j	Lowercase j
k	k	Lowercase k
l	l	Lowercase l
m	m	Lowercase m
n	n	Lowercase n
o	o	Lowercase o
p	p	Lowercase p
q	q	Lowercase q
r	r	Lowercase r
s	s	Lowercase s
t	t	Lowercase t
u	u	Lowercase u
v	v	Lowercase v
w	w	Lowercase w
x	x	Lowercase x
y	y	Lowercase y
z	z	Lowercase z
	{	Opening/Left curly brace
	}	Closing/Right curly brace
~	~	Tilde

ISO 8859-1 Characters

Full list of supported ISO-8859-1 characters. Notice that the names are case sensitive, hence if you want an uppercase letter, the name should also start with an uppercase letter.

Character	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
	Space
!	!	Exclamation mark
«	"	Quotation mark
#	#	Number sign
$	$	Dollar sign
%	%	Percent sign
&	&	&	Ampersand
‘	'	Apostrophe
(	(	Opening/Left Parenthesis
)	)	Closing/Right Parenthesis
*	*	Asterisk
+	+	Plus sign
,	,	Comma
—	-	Hyphen
.	.	Period
/	/	Slash
0	0	Digit 0
1	1	Digit 1
2	2	Digit 2
3	3	Digit 3
4	4	Digit 4
5	5	Digit 5
6	6	Digit 6
7	7	Digit 7
8	8	Digit 8
9	9	Digit 9
:	:	Colon
;	;	Semicolon
	<	<	Less-than
=	=	Equals sign
>	>	>	Greater than
?	?	Question mark
@	@	At sign
A	A	Uppercase A
B	B	Uppercase B
C	C	Uppercase C
D	D	Uppercase D
E	E	Uppercase E
F	F	Uppercase F
G	G	Uppercase G
H	H	Uppercase H
I	I	Uppercase I
J	J	Uppercase J
K	K	Uppercase K
L	L	Uppercase L
M	M	Uppercase M
N	N	Uppercase N
O	O	Uppercase O
P	P	Uppercase P
Q	Q	Uppercase Q
R	R	Uppercase R
S	S	Uppercase S
T	T	Uppercase T
U	U	Uppercase U
V	V	Uppercase V
W	W	Uppercase W
X	X	Uppercase X
Y	Y	Uppercase Y
Z	Z	Uppercase Z
[	[	Opening/Left square bracket
\	\	Backslash
]	]	Closing/Right square bracket
^	^	Caret
_	_	Underscore
`	`	Grave accent
a	a	Lowercase a
b	b	Lowercase b
c	c	Lowercase c
d	d	Lowercase d
e	e	Lowercase e
f	f	Lowercase f
g	g	Lowercase g
h	h	Lowercase h
i	i	Lowercase i
j	j	Lowercase j
k	k	Lowercase k
l	l	Lowercase l
m	m	Lowercase m
n	n	Lowercase n
o	o	Lowercase o
p	p	Lowercase p
q	q	Lowercase q
r	r	Lowercase r
s	s	Lowercase s
t	t	Lowercase t
u	u	Lowercase u
v	v	Lowercase v
w	w	Lowercase w
x	x	Lowercase x
y	y	Lowercase y
z	z	Lowercase z
	{	Opening/Left curly brace
	}	Closing/Right curly brace
~	~	Tilde

ISO-8859-1 Symbols

Full list of supported ISO-8859-1 symbols in HTML.

Symbol	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
		Non-breaking space
¡	¡	¡	Inverted exclamation mark
¢	¢	¢	Cent
£	£	£	Pound
¤	¤	¤	Currency
¥	¥	¥	Yen
¦	¦	¦	Broken vertical bar
§	§	§	Section
¨	¨	¨	Spacing diaeresis
©	©	©	Copyright
ª	ª	ª	Feminine ordinal indicator
«	«	«	Opening/Left angle quotation mark
¬	¬	¬	Negation
­	­	­	Soft hyphen
®	®	®	Registered trademark
¯	¯	¯	Spacing macron
°	°	°	Degree
±	±	±	Plus or minus
²	²	²	Superscript 2
³	³	³	Superscript 3
´	´	´	Spacing acute
µ	µ	µ	Micro
¶	¶	¶	Paragraph
¸	¸	¸	Spacing cedilla
¹	¹	¹	Superscript 1
º	º	º	Masculine ordinal indicator
»	»	»	Closing/Right angle quotation mark
¼	¼	¼	Fraction 1/4
½	½	½	Fraction 1/2
¾	¾	¾	Fraction 3/4
¿	¿	¿	Inverted question mark
×	×	×	Multiplication
÷	÷	÷	Divide

Math Symbols

Full list of all supported math symbols in HTML.

Symbol	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
∀	∀	∀	For all
∂	∂	∂	Part
∃	∃	∃	Exist
∅	∅	∅	Empty
∇	∇	∇	Nabla
∈	∈	∈	Is in
∉	∉	∉	Not in
∋	∋	∋	Ni
∏	∏	∏	Product
∑	∑	∑	Sum
−	−	−	Minus
∗	∗	∗	Asterisk (Lowast)
√	√	√	Square root
∝	∝	∝	Proportional to
∞	∞	∞	Infinity
∠	∠	∠	Angle
∧	∧	∧	And
∨	∨	∨	Or
∩	∩	∩	Cap
∪	∪	∪	Cup
∫	∫	∫	Integral
∴	∴	∴	Therefore
∼	∼	∼	Similar to
≅	≅	≅	Congurent to
≈	≈	≈	Almost equal
≠	≠	≠	Not equal
≡	≡	≡	Equivalent
≤	≤	≤	Less or equal
≥	≥	≥	Greater or equal
⊂	⊂	⊂	Subset of
⊃	⊃	⊃	Superset of
⊄	⊄	⊄	Not subset of
⊆	⊆	⊆	Subset or equal
⊇	⊇	⊇	Superset or equal
⊕	⊕	⊕	Circled plus
⊗	⊗	⊗	Circled times
⊥	⊥	⊥	Perpendicular
⋅	⋅	⋅	Dot operator

Greek Letters

Full list of all supported greek letters in HTML.

Letter	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
Α	Α	Α	Alpha
Β	Β	Β	Beta
Γ	Γ	Γ	Gamma
Δ	Δ	Δ	Delta
Ε	Ε	Ε	Epsilon
Ζ	Ζ	Ζ	Zeta
Η	Η	Η	Eta
Θ	Θ	Θ	Theta
Ι	Ι	Ι	Iota
Κ	Κ	Κ	Kappa
Λ	Λ	Λ	Lambda
Μ	Μ	Μ	Mu
Ν	Ν	Ν	Nu
Ξ	Ξ	Ξ	Xi
Ο	Ο	Ο	Omicron
Π	Π	Π	Pi
Ρ	Ρ	Ρ	Rho
Σ	Σ	Σ	Sigma
Τ	Τ	Τ	Tau
Υ	Υ	Υ	Upsilon
Φ	Φ	Φ	Phi
Χ	Χ	Χ	Chi
Ψ	Ψ	Ψ	Psi
Ω	Ω	Ω	Omega
α	α	α	alpha
β	β	β	beta
γ	γ	γ	gamma
δ	δ	δ	delta
ε	ε	ε	epsilon
ζ	ζ	ζ	zeta
η	η	η	eta
θ	θ	θ	theta
ι	ι	ι	iota
κ	κ	κ	kappa
λ	λ	λ	lambda
μ	μ	μ	mu
ν	ν	ν	nu
ξ	ξ	ξ	xi
ο	ο	ο	omicron
π	π	π	pi
ρ	ρ	ρ	rho
ς	ς	ς	sigmaf
σ	σ	σ	sigma
τ	τ	τ	tau
υ	υ	υ	upsilon
φ	φ	φ	phi
χ	χ	χ	chi
ψ	ψ	ψ	psi
ω	ω	ω	omega
ϑ	ϑ	ϑ	Theta symbol
ϒ	ϒ	ϒ	Upsilon symbol
ϖ	ϖ	ϖ	Pi symbol

Miscellaneous HTML entities

List of miscellaneous HTML entities.

Symbol	Entity Name	Entity Number	Description
Œ	Œ	Œ	Uppercase ligature OE
œ	œ	œ	Lowercase ligature OE
Š	Š	Š	Uppercase S with caron
š	š	š	Lowercase S with caron
Ÿ	Ÿ	Ÿ	Capital Y with diaeres
ƒ	ƒ	ƒ	Lowercase with hook
ˆ	ˆ	ˆ	Circumflex accent
˜	˜	˜	Tilde
		En space
		Em space
		Thin space
‌	‌	‌	Zero width non-joiner
‍	‍	‍	Zero width joiner
‎	‎	‎	Left-to-right mark
‏	‏	‏	Right-to-left mark
–	–	–	En dash
—	—	—	Em dash
‘	‘	‘	Left single quotation mark
’	’	’	Right single quotation mark
‚	‚	‚	Single low-9 quotation mark
“	“	“	Left double quotation mark
”	”	”	Right double quotation mark
„	„	„	Double low-9 quotation mark
†	†	†	Dagger
‡	‡	‡	Double dagger
•	•	•	Bullet
…	…	…	Horizontal ellipsis
‰	‰	‰	Per mille
′	′	′	Minutes (Degrees)
″	″	″	Seconds (Degrees)
‹	‹	‹	Single left angle quotation
›	›	›	Single right angle quotation
‾	‾	‾	Overline
€	€	€	Euro
™	™	™	Trademark
←	←	←	Left arrow
↑	↑	↑	Up arrow
→	→	→	Right arrow
↓	↓	↓	Down arrow
↔	↔	↔	Left right arrow
↵	↵	↵	Carriage return arrow
⌈	⌈	⌈	Left ceiling
⌉	⌉	⌉	Right ceiling
⌊	⌊	⌊	Left floor
⌋	⌋	⌋	Right floor
◊	◊	◊	Lozenge
♠	♠	♠	Spade
♣	♣	♣	Club
♥	♥	♥	Heart
♦	♦	♦	Diamond

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HTML Entities

Reserved characters in HTML must be replaced with character entities.

HTML Entities

Some characters are reserved in HTML.

If you use the less than (<) or greater than (>) signs in your text, the browser might mix them with tags.

Character entities are used to display reserved characters in HTML.

A character entity looks like this:

Advantage of using an entity name: An entity name is easy to remember.
Disadvantage of using an entity name: Browsers may not support all entity names, but the support for entity numbers is good.

Non-breaking Space

A commonly used entity in HTML is the non-breaking space:  

A non-breaking space is a space that will not break into a new line.

Two words separated by a non-breaking space will stick together (not break into a new line). This is handy when breaking the words might be disruptive.

Another common use of the non-breaking space is to prevent browsers from truncating spaces in HTML pages.

If you write 10 spaces in your text, the browser will remove 9 of them. To add real spaces to your text, you can use the   character entity.

Tip: The non-breaking hyphen (‑) is used to define a hyphen character (‑) that does not break into a new line.

Some Useful HTML Character Entities

Result	Description	Entity Name	Entity Number	Try it
non-breaking space			Try it »
	less than	<	<	Try it »
>	greater than	>	>	Try it »
&	ampersand	&	&	Try it »
«	double quotation mark	"	"	Try it »
‘	single quotation mark (apostrophe)	'	'	Try it »
¢	cent	¢	¢	Try it »
£	pound	£	£	Try it »
¥	yen	¥	¥	Try it »
€	euro	€	€	Try it »
©	copyright	©	©	Try it »
®	registered trademark	®	®	Try it »

Note: Entity names are case sensitive.

Combining Diacritical Marks

A diacritical mark is a «glyph» added to a letter.

Some diacritical marks, like grave ( ̀) and acute ( ́) are called accents.

Diacritical marks can appear both above and below a letter, inside a letter, and between two letters.

Diacritical marks can be used in combination with alphanumeric characters to produce a character that is not present in the character set (encoding) used in the page.

Mark	Character	Construct	Result	Try it
̀	a	à	à	Try it »
́	a	á	á	Try it »
̂	a	â	â	Try it »
̃	a	ã	ã	Try it »
̀	O	Ò	Ò	Try it »
́	O	Ó	Ó	Try it »
̂	O	Ô	Ô	Try it »
̃	O	Õ	Õ	Try it »

You will see more HTML symbols in the next chapter of this tutorial.

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