Simpledateformat with timestamp in java

How to Convert String Date to Timestamp in Java

In this tutorial, we will learn how to convert String Date to Timestamp in Java. This conversion is very important when we want to deal with timestamps. For example, one may be interested to know which date is smaller than the other, or we may want to count the number of days since a particular date and it is not possible with the string date. In this tutorial, we will use SimpleDateFormat , Timestamp , and Date class of Java.

Example for converting String a Date to Timestamp

The code is given below works perfectly for converting String Date to Timestamp. Firstly we will convert a simple string to Date using SimpleDateFormat.parse() method before that makes sure that timestamp is given in the correct format.

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.util.Date; public class StudyTonight < public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception < //date in string format String stringDate = "2021-01-07 02:02:16.172"; try < //creating date format SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd hh:mm:ss.SSS"); //parsing string to date using parse() method Date parsedDate = dateFormat.parse(stringDate); //finally creating a timestamp Timestamp timestamp = new java.sql.Timestamp(parsedDate.getTime()); System.out.println(timestamp.getClass()); >catch(Exception e) < System.out.println(e); >> > 

If the string is in the incorrect format you will get an exception error: java.text.ParseException: Unparseable date:

Converting String date to Timestamp using valueOf() Method

This is another way of converting date string to timestamp using valueOf() method of java.sql.Timestamp class. This is a simple method and no need to do overhead coding.

Example 2

In this program, we do not need to think about a format for a date because valueOf() method will directly convert the string to the timestamp itself. Unlike the last code if the string is not in the correct format it will throw an exception java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: Timestamp format must be yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss[.fffffffff].

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.sql.Timestamp; import java.util.Date; public class StudyTonight < public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception < //date in string format String stringDate = "2021-01-07 02:02:16.172"; try < //converting string date to timestamp using valueOf() method java.sql.Timestamp timestamp = java.sql.Timestamp.valueOf( stringDate ); System.out.println(timestamp); >catch(Exception e) < System.out.println(e); >> >

Conclusion:

To convert the string date to timestamp we have two ways i.e. using TimeStamp as a constructor and another is using a valueOf() method of TimeStamp class. This is very useful when it comes to performing operations on actual timestamps rather than different formats of date.

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Simpledateformat with timestamp in java

SimpleDateFormat is a concrete class for formatting and parsing dates in a locale-sensitive manner. It allows for formatting (date → text), parsing (text → date), and normalization. SimpleDateFormat allows you to start by choosing any user-defined patterns for date-time formatting. However, you are encouraged to create a date-time formatter with either getTimeInstance , getDateInstance , or getDateTimeInstance in DateFormat . Each of these class methods can return a date/time formatter initialized with a default format pattern. You may modify the format pattern using the applyPattern methods as desired. For more information on using these methods, see DateFormat .

Date and Time Patterns

Date and time formats are specified by date and time pattern strings. Within date and time pattern strings, unquoted letters from ‘A’ to ‘Z’ and from ‘a’ to ‘z’ are interpreted as pattern letters representing the components of a date or time string. Text can be quoted using single quotes ( ‘ ) to avoid interpretation. «»» represents a single quote. All other characters are not interpreted; they’re simply copied into the output string during formatting or matched against the input string during parsing. The following pattern letters are defined (all other characters from ‘A’ to ‘Z’ and from ‘a’ to ‘z’ are reserved):

• Text: For formatting, if the number of pattern letters is 4 or more, the full form is used; otherwise a short or abbreviated form is used if available. For parsing, both forms are accepted, independent of the number of pattern letters.

• For formatting, if the number of pattern letters is 2, the year is truncated to 2 digits; otherwise it is interpreted as a number.
• For parsing, if the number of pattern letters is more than 2, the year is interpreted literally, regardless of the number of digits. So using the pattern «MM/dd/yyyy», «01/11/12» parses to Jan 11, 12 A.D.
• For parsing with the abbreviated year pattern («y» or «yy»), SimpleDateFormat must interpret the abbreviated year relative to some century. It does this by adjusting dates to be within 80 years before and 20 years after the time the SimpleDateFormat instance is created. For example, using a pattern of «MM/dd/yy» and a SimpleDateFormat instance created on Jan 1, 1997, the string «01/11/12» would be interpreted as Jan 11, 2012 while the string «05/04/64» would be interpreted as May 4, 1964. During parsing, only strings consisting of exactly two digits, as defined by Character.isDigit(char) , will be parsed into the default century. Any other numeric string, such as a one digit string, a three or more digit string, or a two digit string that isn’t all digits (for example, «-1»), is interpreted literally. So «01/02/3» or «01/02/003» are parsed, using the same pattern, as Jan 2, 3 AD. Likewise, «01/02/-3» is parsed as Jan 2, 4 BC.

• Letter M produces context-sensitive month names, such as the embedded form of names. If a DateFormatSymbols has been set explicitly with constructor SimpleDateFormat(String, DateFormatSymbols) or method setDateFormatSymbols(DateFormatSymbols) , the month names given by the DateFormatSymbols are used.
• Letter L produces the standalone form of month names.

GMTOffsetTimeZone: GMT Sign Hours : Minutes Sign: one of + - Hours: Digit Digit Digit Minutes: Digit Digit Digit: one of 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Hours must be between 0 and 23, and Minutes must be between 00 and 59. The format is locale independent and digits must be taken from the Basic Latin block of the Unicode standard. For parsing, RFC 822 time zones are also accepted.

RFC822TimeZone: Sign TwoDigitHours Minutes TwoDigitHours: Digit Digit

ISO8601TimeZone: OneLetterISO8601TimeZone TwoLetterISO8601TimeZone ThreeLetterISO8601TimeZone OneLetterISO8601TimeZone: Sign TwoDigitHours Z TwoLetterISO8601TimeZone: Sign TwoDigitHours Minutes Z ThreeLetterISO8601TimeZone: Sign TwoDigitHours : Minutes Z

Examples

The following examples show how date and time patterns are interpreted in the U.S. locale. The given date and time are 2001-07-04 12:08:56 local time in the U.S. Pacific Time time zone.

Synchronization

Date formats are not synchronized. It is recommended to create separate format instances for each thread. If multiple threads access a format concurrently, it must be synchronized externally.

Nested Class Summary

Nested classes/interfaces inherited from class java.text.DateFormat

Field Summary

Fields inherited from class java.text.DateFormat

Constructor Summary

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the default pattern and date format symbols for the default FORMAT locale.

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and the default date format symbols for the default FORMAT locale.

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and the default date format symbols for the given locale.

Method Summary

Sets the 100-year period 2-digit years will be interpreted as being in to begin on the date the user specifies.

Methods inherited from class java.text.DateFormat

Methods inherited from class java.text.Format

Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object

Constructor Detail

SimpleDateFormat

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the default pattern and date format symbols for the default FORMAT locale. Note: This constructor may not support all locales. For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat class.

SimpleDateFormat

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and the default date format symbols for the default FORMAT locale. Note: This constructor may not support all locales. For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat class. This is equivalent to calling SimpleDateFormat(pattern, Locale.getDefault(Locale.Category.FORMAT)) .

SimpleDateFormat

Constructs a SimpleDateFormat using the given pattern and the default date format symbols for the given locale. Note: This constructor may not support all locales. For full coverage, use the factory methods in the DateFormat class.

SimpleDateFormat

public SimpleDateFormat(String pattern, DateFormatSymbols formatSymbols)

Method Detail

set2DigitYearStart

Sets the 100-year period 2-digit years will be interpreted as being in to begin on the date the user specifies.

get2DigitYearStart

format

public StringBuffer format(Date date, StringBuffer toAppendTo, FieldPosition pos)

formatToCharacterIterator

public AttributedCharacterIterator formatToCharacterIterator(Object obj)

Formats an Object producing an AttributedCharacterIterator . You can use the returned AttributedCharacterIterator to build the resulting String, as well as to determine information about the resulting String. Each attribute key of the AttributedCharacterIterator will be of type DateFormat.Field , with the corresponding attribute value being the same as the attribute key.

parse

public Date parse(String text, ParsePosition pos)

Parses text from a string to produce a Date . The method attempts to parse text starting at the index given by pos . If parsing succeeds, then the index of pos is updated to the index after the last character used (parsing does not necessarily use all characters up to the end of the string), and the parsed date is returned. The updated pos can be used to indicate the starting point for the next call to this method. If an error occurs, then the index of pos is not changed, the error index of pos is set to the index of the character where the error occurred, and null is returned. This parsing operation uses the calendar to produce a Date . All of the calendar ‘s date-time fields are cleared before parsing, and the calendar ‘s default values of the date-time fields are used for any missing date-time information. For example, the year value of the parsed Date is 1970 with GregorianCalendar if no year value is given from the parsing operation. The TimeZone value may be overwritten, depending on the given pattern and the time zone value in text . Any TimeZone value that has previously been set by a call to setTimeZone may need to be restored for further operations.

toPattern

toLocalizedPattern

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Simpledateformat with timestamp in java

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