Send post values php

How to Send a Post Request with PHP

In this tutorial, we aim share with you 3 competent ways of sending post requests using PHP.

Follow the examples below and choose the one that meets your needs better.

A. Using PHP Curl

The PHP cURL extension is a quite straightforward way allowing to combine different flags with setopt() calls.

Below is an example with an $xml variable that holds the XML prepared for sending:

 $url = 'http://api.flickr.com/services/xmlrpc/'; $ch = curl_init($url); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $xml); curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); $response = curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); ?>

As you can notice from the example above, first, the connection is initialised, and then some options are set with setopt() . These actions inform PHP about making a post request.

B. Using Pecl_Http

Generally, Pecl_Http combines two interfaces. The first one is considered procedural, the second one- object-oriented . Let’s start at discovering the first one. It provides you with a simpler way than the curl. Here is a script, which is translated for pecl_http :

 $url = 'http://api.flickr.com/services/xmlrpc/'; $response = http_post_data($url, $xml); ?>

C. Using the Object-Oriented (OO) Interface of Pecl_HTTP

As it was noted above, the second interface of xpecl_http is considered object- oriented . It is similar to the 2 extensions demonstrated above but applies a different interface. Here is how its code looks like:

 $url = 'http://api.flickr.com/services/xmlrpc/'; $request = new HTTPRequest($url, HTTP_METH_POST); $request->setRawPostData($xml); $request->send(); $response = $request->getResponseBody(); ?>

You can notice that this code is longer than the previous one. You might think that it is more complicated, yet it is as powerful and flexible as the previous ones. So, it can be an outstanding option to implement in your practice.

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Send POST Request in PHP

1. Use the CURL-less Method Using the stream_context_create() and file_get_contents() Functions to Send a POST Request in PHP
2. Use the CURL to Send the POST Request in PHP
3. Create a User-Defined Function That Uses the CURL to Send the POST Request in PHP

We will introduce a method to send a POST request in PHP using the CURL-less method with the use of the http_build_query() , stream_context_create() and file_get_contents() functions.

We will show you a method to send the POST request in PHP using the CURL. CURL is used to send the HTTP request to the webserver. The CURL module is generally pre-installed with PHP. If it has not been installed, we should install it manually to send the server’s request using PHP.

We will show you an example to send the POST request in PHP using the CURL by creating a function. This method is very much similar to the second method. It uses a user-defined function to send the request. We can reuse the code supplying the different post data and the URL.

Use the CURL-less Method Using the stream_context_create() and file_get_contents() Functions to Send a POST Request in PHP

We can send the POST request in PHP by using the functions like http_build_query() , stream_context_create() and file_get_contents() functions without using the CURL. We can use the http_build_query() function to create query parameters to send in the POST request. We can create an array to specify the http headers, methods and the contents. We use the stream_context_create() function to handle the streamed data. The file_get_contents() function reads the content of the url into string. We use the $_POST global variables to read the data.

For example, create the http_build_query() function and create an array inside the function. Create the keys name and id and the values Robert and 1 respectively in the array. Assign the function with a variable $postdata . Create an array to specify the HTTP method, header, and content. Set the values for the keys method , header and the content as POST , Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded and the variable $postdata . Wrap this array inside another array http . Assign the array to a variable $opts . Take the $opts as a parameter to the stream_context_create() function and assign it to a variable $context . Use the file_get_contents() function and apply a URL http://localhost/request.php as the first parameter. Use the boolean value false and the variable $context as the second and the third parameters. Assign the function to a variable $result and print it. Create a PHP file request.php and echo the name and id keys using the $_POST variable.

In the example below, name and id are the data to be posted using the POST method. The request.php file reads the query parameters using the $_POST variable.

# php 7.*  php $postdata = http_build_query(  array(  'name' => 'Robert',  'id' => '1'  ) ); $opts = array('http' =>  array(  'method' => 'POST',  'header' => 'Content-type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded',  'content' => $postdata  ) ); $context = stream_context_create($opts); $result = file_get_contents('http://localhost/request.php', false, $context); echo $result; ?> 

# php 7.*  php echo "Name: ". $_POST['name']. "
"; echo "ID: ". $_POST['id']; ?> 

Use the CURL to Send the POST Request in PHP

CURL stands for Client URL. We can use the CURL to send the POST request through the PHP script. The PHP version needs the curl module to execute the different curl functions. In this method, we use the http_build_query() function as in the method above to make the query parameters. We can use the curl_init() function to initialize the CURL connection in the script. We use the curl_setopt() functions with some options like CURLOPT_URL , CURLOPT_POST and CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS . These options set the URL, request an HTTP POST request, and POST the data, respectively. We can use the curl_setopt() function to return the contents of the URL and use the curl_exec() function to execute the POST request.

For example, create the keys name and id and the values Wayne and 2 in an array $fields . Use the array as the parameter in the http_build_query() function and assign the function with a variable $postdata . Open a CURL connection using the curl_init() function and assign it to a variable $ch . Write three curl_setopt() functions and use the $ch variable as the first parameter in all the three functions. As the second parameter in the functions, write the options CURLOPT_URL , CURLOPT_POST , and CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS in the first, the second, and the third functions, respectively. Set the third parameter as http://localhost/request.php , true and $postdata respectively in the three functions. Call a function curl_setopt() and use the $ch variable as the first parameter, the CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER option as the second parameter, and the boolean value true as the third parameter. Call the curl_exec($ch) function from the $result variable and print the $result . Use the same request.php file of the first method.

#php 7.x  php $fields = [  'name' => 'Wayne',  'id' => 2, ]; $postdata = http_build_query($fields); $ch = curl_init() curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_URL, 'http://localhost/request.php'); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POST, true); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $postdata); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); $result = curl_exec($ch); echo $result; ?> 

Create a User-Defined Function That Uses the CURL to Send the POST Request in PHP

We can create a method to take the URL inputs and the POST data to send the POST request. This method also uses the CURL as the second method. It uses all the curl functions as before. This method aims to reuse the code for multiple URLs and data.

For example, create a function httpPost() and take the variables $url and $data as the arguments. Open the curl connection with curl_init() function and take the variable $url as the parameter. Use the three curl_setopt() functions as in the second method. Use the curl_exec() method to execute the POST data. Create an array $data and create the keys name and id and the values Scott and 3 . Call the method httpPost() with the http://localhost/request.php as the URL and the $data array as data. This method also uses the request.php file as the above two methods.

#php 7.x  php function httpPost($url, $data)  $curl = curl_init($url);  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, true);  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, http_build_query($data));  curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);  $response = curl_exec($curl);  echo $response; > $data = [  'name' => 'Scott',  'id' => 3 ]; httpPost('http://localhost/request.php', $data); ?> 

Subodh is a proactive software engineer, specialized in fintech industry and a writer who loves to express his software development learnings and set of skills through blogs and articles.

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PHP Form Handling

The PHP superglobals $_GET and $_POST are used to collect form-data.

PHP — A Simple HTML Form

The example below displays a simple HTML form with two input fields and a submit button:

Example

When the user fills out the form above and clicks the submit button, the form data is sent for processing to a PHP file named «welcome.php». The form data is sent with the HTTP POST method.

To display the submitted data you could simply echo all the variables. The «welcome.php» looks like this:

The output could be something like this:

The same result could also be achieved using the HTTP GET method:

Example

and «welcome_get.php» looks like this:

The code above is quite simple. However, the most important thing is missing. You need to validate form data to protect your script from malicious code.

Think SECURITY when processing PHP forms!

This page does not contain any form validation, it just shows how you can send and retrieve form data.

However, the next pages will show how to process PHP forms with security in mind! Proper validation of form data is important to protect your form from hackers and spammers!

GET vs. POST

Both GET and POST create an array (e.g. array( key1 => value1, key2 => value2, key3 => value3, . )). This array holds key/value pairs, where keys are the names of the form controls and values are the input data from the user.

Both GET and POST are treated as $_GET and $_POST. These are superglobals, which means that they are always accessible, regardless of scope — and you can access them from any function, class or file without having to do anything special.

$_GET is an array of variables passed to the current script via the URL parameters.

$_POST is an array of variables passed to the current script via the HTTP POST method.

When to use GET?

Information sent from a form with the GET method is visible to everyone (all variable names and values are displayed in the URL). GET also has limits on the amount of information to send. The limitation is about 2000 characters. However, because the variables are displayed in the URL, it is possible to bookmark the page. This can be useful in some cases.

GET may be used for sending non-sensitive data.

Note: GET should NEVER be used for sending passwords or other sensitive information!

When to use POST?

Information sent from a form with the POST method is invisible to others (all names/values are embedded within the body of the HTTP request) and has no limits on the amount of information to send.

Moreover POST supports advanced functionality such as support for multi-part binary input while uploading files to server.

However, because the variables are not displayed in the URL, it is not possible to bookmark the page.

Developers prefer POST for sending form data.

Next, lets see how we can process PHP forms the secure way!

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