Selenium right click python

Python Selenium all mouse actions using ActionChains

Python Selenium all mouse actions using ActionChains

In this article, we are going to see all mouse actions available and supported by Python Selenium WebDriver as ActionChains object.

As discussed in our previous article, there might be many scenarios where we need to use mouse actions in automation testing. Some common uses case are given below.

• Mouse over on a menu item to bring hidden sub-menu
• Right click on a link or an element and do some operations
• Drag and drop items
• Double click on an item

What is ActionChains?

ActionChains are a ways provided by Selenium to automate low level interactions with website such as mouse movements, mouse button actions, key press, and context menu(right click menu) interactions. These special methods are useful for doing more complex actions like mouse over and drag and drop that are not possible by direct webdriver actions.

Using ActionChains object, we call methods that perform specific actions sequentially one by one. Actions called are pushed into a queue. When perform() method is called, the events are fired in the order they are queued up.

The ActionChains implementation is available in below path.

from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains actionchains = ActionChains(driver) # initialize ActionChain object

The WebDriver instance should be passed while creating ActionChains object.

ActionChains can be used in a chain pattern, adding all the methods in the same line.

menu = driver.find_element_by_id("menu") submenu = driver.find_element_by_id("submenu1") ActionChains(driver) .move_to_element(menu) .click(submenu) .perform()

Actions can be added to one by one to queue, then performed.

menu = driver.find_element_by_id("menu") submenu = driver.find_element_by_id("submenu1") actions = ActionChains(driver) actions.move_to_element(menu) actions.click(submenu) actions.perform()

In both ways, the actions are executed or performed one after another in the order they are added.

All available ActionChains method

click(on_element=None)

Left clicks on a given element.

on_element: The element to click on. If no element passed, clicks left mouse button on current mouse position.

click_and_hold(on_element=None)

Click and holds down the left mouse button on an element.

on_element: The element to mouse down. If no element passed, clicks on current mouse position.

context_click(on_element=None)

Performs a context-click (right click) on an element.

on_element: The element to context-click or right click on. If no element passed, right clicks on current mouse position.

double_click(on_element=None)

Double-clicks on an element.

on_element: The element to double-click on. If no element passed, double clicks on current mouse position.

drag_and_drop(source, target)

Holds down the left mouse button on the source element, then moves to the target element and releases the mouse button.

source: The element to mouse down or the element to be dragged
target: The element to mouse up or target element to be dragged into

from_element = driver.find_element_by_id("source") to_element = driver.find_element_by_id("target") ActionChains(driver) .drag_and_drop(from_element, to_element) .perform()

drag_and_drop_by_offset(source, xoffset, yoffset)

Holds down the left mouse button on the source element, then moves to the target offset and releases the mouse button.

source: The element to mouse down.
xoffset: X offset to move to.
yoffset: Y offset to move to.

key_down(value, element=None)

Sends a key press only, without releasing it. This is used mainly with modifier keys like Control, Alt and Shift.

value: The modifier key to send. Keys class defines all values.
element: The element to send keys. If None, sends a key to current focused element.

Example, below script presses ctrl+c

ActionChains(driver) .key_down(Keys.CONTROL) .send_keys('c') .key_up(Keys.CONTROL) .perform()

key_up(value, element=None)

value: The modifier key to send. Keys class defines all the values.
element: The element to send keys. If no element passed, sends a key to current focused element.

Example, below script presses ctrl+v

ActionChains(driver) .key_down(Keys.CONTROL) .send_keys('v') .key_up(Keys.CONTROL) .perform()

move_by_offset(xoffset, yoffset)

Moving the mouse to an offset from current mouse position.

xoffset: X offset to move to, as a positive or negative integer.
yoffset: Y offset to move to, as a positive or negative integer.

move_to_element(to_element)

Moving the mouse to the middle of an element. This action helps us to deal with dropdown menu that appears when the user moves the mouse over an element or when the user clicks on an element.

to_element: The WebElement to move to.

menu = driver.find_element_by_id("allmenu") ActionChains(driver) .move_to_element(menu) .perform() # wait until sub menu appears on the screen WebDriverWait(self.webdriver, 5) .until(EC.visibility_of_element_located((By.ID, "home"))) home_menu = driver.find_element_by_id("home") home_menu.click()

move_to_element_with_offset(to_element, xoffset, yoffset)

Move the mouse by an offset of the specified element.
Offsets are relative to the top-left corner of the element.

to_element: The WebElement to move to.
xoffset: X offset to move to.
yoffset: Y offset to move to.

pause(seconds)

Pause all actions for the specified duration (in seconds).

perform()

Performs all stored actions.

release(on_element=None)

Releasing a held mouse button on an element.

on_element: The element to mouse up. If None, releases on current mouse position.

reset_actions()

To clear all actions already stored locally and/or on the remote end.

send_keys(keys_to_send)

Sends keys to current focused element.

keys_to_send: The keys to send.

send_keys_to_element(element, keys_to_send)

element: The element to send keys.
keys_to_send: The keys to send.

For both send_keys and send_keys_to_element method arguments, Modifier keys constants can be found in the ‘Keys’ class.

Common Scenarios

Open link in new Tab

User has to press Control key and click on the link to open it in new browser tab. Same operation can be scripted in Selenium WebDriver as follows

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path="path to firefox webdriver") driver.get('https://www.google.com') element = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Privacy') ActionChains(driver) .key_down(Keys.CONTROL) .click(element) .key_up(Keys.CONTROL) .perform() driver.quit()

ActionChains(driver) \ .key_down(Keys.COMMAND) \ .click(element) \ .key_up(Keys.COMMAND) \ .perform()

User has to press Shift key and click on the link to open it in new browser window. Same operation can be scripted in Selenium WebDriver as follows

ActionChains(driver) \ .key_down(Keys.SHIFT) \ .click(element) \ .key_up(Keys.SHIFT) \ .perform()

Handle Mouse overs

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains driver = webdriver.Firefox(executable_path="path to driver") driver.get('https://www.w3schools.com/howto/howto_css_dropdown.asp') element = driver.find_element_by_class_name('dropbtn') ActionChains(driver) \ .move_to_element(element) \ .perform() element = driver.find_element_by_link_text('Link 1') element.click() driver.quit()

Use pause() method if you like to wait before each operations. For example, if it takes few seconds to display menu items.

Hope this article helps you. Please let us know your thoughts in comments section.

Источник

How to perform right click on an element in Selenium with python?

We can perform right click on an element in Selenium with the help of Action Chains class. These classes are generally used for automating interactions like context menu click, mouse button actions, key press and mouse movements.

These types of actions are mainly common in complex scenarios like drag and drop and hovering over an element on the page. The methods of the Action Chains class are utilized by advanced scripts. We can manipulate DOM with the help of Action Chains in Selenium.

The action chain object implements the ActionChains in the form of a queue and then executes the perform() method. On calling the method perform(), all the actions on action chains will be performed.

The method of creating an Action Chain object is listed below −

• First we need to import the Action Chain class and then the driver will be passed as an argument to it.
• Now all the operations of action chains can be done with the help of this object.

Syntax

Syntax for creating an object of Action Chains −

from selenium import webdriver

# import Action chains from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains # create webdriver object driver = webdriver.Firefox() # create action chain object action = ActionChains(driver)

After creating an object of Action Chains, we can perform numerous operations one by one like a chain which is queued.

context_click() − This method performs right click operation on an element of the page.

Syntax

Where args is the element which has to be right clicked. If omitted, the click on the present mouse position is performed.

#element source = driver.find_element_by_id("name") #action chain object action = ActionChains(driver) # right click operation action.context_click(source)

Example

Code Implementation for right click operation.

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains from selenium.webdriver.common.keys import Keys #browser exposes an executable file #Through Selenium test we will invoke the executable file which will then #invoke actual browser driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="C:\chromedriver.exe") # to maximize the browser window driver.maximize_window() #get method to launch the URL driver.get("https://www.tutorialspoint.com/about/about_careers.htm") #to refresh the browser driver.refresh() # identifying the source element source= driver.find_element_by_xpath("//*[text()='Company']"); # action chain object creation action = ActionChains(driver) # right click operation and then perform action.context_click(source).perform() #to close the browser driver.close()

Источник

How to automate menu box/pop up of right click in Python Selenium?

We can automate right click action with Selenium webdriver in Python by using the ActionChains class. We have to create an object of the ActionChains class and then apply the relevant method on it.

In order to move the mouse to the element on which right click is to be performed, we shall use the move_to_element method and pass the element locator as a parameter.

Then apply context_click method to perform the right click. Finally, use the perform method to actually carry out these actions. Also, we have to add the statement from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains in our code to work with ActionChains class.

Syntax

a = ActionChains(driver) m= driver.find_element_by_id("hot-spot") a.move_to_element(m) a.context_click().perform

Example

from selenium import webdriver from selenium.webdriver.common.action_chains import ActionChains from selenium.webdriver.common.alert import Alert #set chromodriver.exe path driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path="C:\chromedriver.exe") driver.implicitly_wait(0.5) #launch URL driver.get("https://the-internet.herokuapp.com/context_menu") #object of ActionChains a = ActionChains(driver) #identify element m = driver.find_element_by_id("hot-spot") #move mouse over element a.move_to_element(m) #perform right-click a.context_click().perform() #switch to alert al = driver.switch_to.alert #get alert text s = al.text print("Alert text: ") print(s) #accept alert al.accept() #close browser driver.quit()

Источник