Python zipfile set password

How to create an encrypted zip file in Python?

When working with sensitive data, it is often necessary to encrypt files before sharing or storing them. This is particularly true for ZIP files, which are commonly used for archiving and compression. In Python, there are several libraries and modules that can be used to create encrypted ZIP files. In this article, we will explore several different methods for encrypting a ZIP file in Python.

Method 1: Using the zipfile module

This tutorial will show you how to create an encrypted ZIP file using the zipfile module in Python. The zipfile module provides a way to create, read, write, and extract ZIP files in Python.

Step 1: Importing the Required Libraries

First, we need to import the zipfile module and the os module.

Step 2: Creating an Encrypted ZIP File

To create an encrypted ZIP file, we need to use the ZipFile class from the zipfile module. We can create an instance of the ZipFile class and pass a filename and mode as arguments.

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile("encrypted.zip", "w", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

Next, we need to set a password for the encrypted ZIP file. We can do this by calling the setpassword() method and passing a password as an argument.

zip_file.setpassword("mypassword")

Now, we can add files to the encrypted ZIP file using the write() method. We need to pass the path of the file we want to add as the first argument and the filename we want to use in the ZIP file as the second argument.

zip_file.write("file.txt", "file.txt")

Finally, we need to close the encrypted ZIP file using the close() method.

Step 3: Reading an Encrypted ZIP File

To read an encrypted ZIP file, we need to create an instance of the ZipFile class and pass the filename and mode as arguments. We also need to pass the password we set earlier as an argument to the ZipFile constructor.

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile("encrypted.zip", "r") zip_file.setpassword("mypassword")

We can then extract files from the encrypted ZIP file using the extract() method. We need to pass the filename of the file we want to extract as an argument.

Finally, we need to close the encrypted ZIP file using the close() method.

Method 2: Using the pycrypto library

To create an encrypted ZIP file in Python, we can use the pycrypto library. The following steps demonstrate how to do it:

Step 1: Install pycrypto

The first step is to install the pycrypto library. You can do this by running the following command:

Step 2: Import Required Libraries

Next, we need to import the required libraries. We will be using the zipfile and Crypto modules. Here’s how to import them:

import zipfile from Crypto.Cipher import AES from Crypto.Random import get_random_bytes

Step 3: Define Encryption Function

Now, we need to define a function to encrypt the data that we want to put in the ZIP file. Here’s an example function that uses AES encryption:

def encrypt_data(data, key): cipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_EAX) ciphertext, tag = cipher.encrypt_and_digest(data) return ciphertext, cipher.nonce, tag

Step 4: Create Encrypted ZIP File

Finally, we can create the encrypted ZIP file using the following steps:

1. Open the ZIP file in write mode.
2. Iterate through the files that we want to add to the ZIP file.
3. Read the contents of each file and encrypt them.
4. Add the encrypted data to the ZIP file.
5. Close the ZIP file.

Here’s an example code that demonstrates these steps:

def create_encrypted_zip_file(zip_file_path, files_to_encrypt, key): with zipfile.ZipFile(zip_file_path, 'w') as zip_file: for file_path in files_to_encrypt: with open(file_path, 'rb') as file: data = file.read() encrypted_data, nonce, tag = encrypt_data(data, key) zip_file.writestr(file_path, encrypted_data) zip_file.writestr(file_path + '.nonce', nonce) zip_file.writestr(file_path + '.tag', tag)

In the above code, zip_file_path is the path where we want to save the encrypted ZIP file, files_to_encrypt is a list of file paths that we want to encrypt, and key is the encryption key that we want to use.

That’s it! We have successfully created an encrypted ZIP file using the pycrypto library.

Method 3: Using the cryptography library

To create an encrypted ZIP file using the cryptography library in Python, follow these steps:

1. Install the cryptography library by running pip install cryptography in your terminal.
2. Import the necessary modules:

import os import zipfile from cryptography.fernet import Fernet

zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile('encrypted.zip', 'w') zip_file.write('file1.txt') zip_file.write('file2.txt')

for filename in zip_file.namelist(): with open(filename, 'rb') as file: data = file.read() encrypted_data = fernet.encrypt(data) zip_file.writestr(filename, encrypted_data)

import os import zipfile from cryptography.fernet import Fernet key = Fernet.generate_key() fernet = Fernet(key) zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile('encrypted.zip', 'w') zip_file.write('file1.txt') zip_file.write('file2.txt') for filename in zip_file.namelist(): with open(filename, 'rb') as file: data = file.read() encrypted_data = fernet.encrypt(data) zip_file.writestr(filename, encrypted_data) zip_file.close()

Note that this code only encrypts the contents of the files within the zip file. It does not encrypt the file names or the zip file itself.

Method 4: Using the py7zr library

Here are the steps to create an encrypted ZIP file in Python using the py7zr library:

Step 1: Install the py7zr Library

You can install the py7zr library using pip. Open your terminal or command prompt and type the following command:

Step 2: Import the Required Libraries

To create an encrypted ZIP file, you need to import the py7zr library and the os library. The os library is used to get the path of the file that you want to compress.

Step 3: Set the Password

To encrypt the ZIP file, you need to set a password. You can set the password using the setpassword() method of the py7zr library.

Step 4: Compress the File

To compress the file, you need to use the write() method of the py7zr library. This method takes two arguments: the path of the file that you want to compress and the name of the compressed file.

with py7zr.SevenZipFile('my_archive.7z', 'w', password=password) as archive: archive.write('my_file.txt')

Step 5: Extract the File

To extract the file, you need to use the extractall() method of the py7zr library. This method takes one argument: the path where you want to extract the file.

with py7zr.SevenZipFile('my_archive.7z', 'r', password=password) as archive: archive.extractall('my_folder')

Full Example Code

import py7zr import os password = "my_password" with py7zr.SevenZipFile('my_archive.7z', 'w', password=password) as archive: archive.write('my_file.txt') with py7zr.SevenZipFile('my_archive.7z', 'r', password=password) as archive: archive.extractall('my_folder')

This is how you can create an encrypted ZIP file in Python using the py7zr library.

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zipfile ZipFile.setpassword()

The ZipFile class has many methods. These various methods can perform different operations on a ZIP file and are used to manipulate it. Here, we are discussing the setpassword() method.

ZipFile.setpassword()

ZipFile.setpassword() method is a method that encrypts a ZIP file with a password.

The setpassword() method takes only one mandatory argument and doesn’t have a single optional parameter. This method has a parameter named pwd, which stores the password in binary form. The binary value stored in pwd gets used as an encryption password for the ZIP file. After the method gets executed, to perform manipulative operations on this ZIP file, we need to assign the pwd parameter whenever required. Generally, to allocate the value of the pwd parameter in this method, we first create an str class object with value as the password that we want to assign to the ZIP file. Then we encode it using the «UTF-8″/»UTF-16» encoding method. This encoded string is then passed as an argument to the pwd parameter whenever needed. This method improves the overall security of the data stored within a ZIP file. This method returns a None pointer.

ZipFile.setpassword(pwd: bytes) -> None

Example

from zipfile import ZipFile

print("Encrypting the cppsecrets ZIP file.")
zf = ZipFile("cppsecrets.zip", mode="r")
pw = "password"
zf.setpassword(pwd=pw.encode("utf-8"))
zf.close()
print("Reading data of member files of the encrypted ZIP file.")
zf = ZipFile("cppsecrets.zip", mode="r")
print("demo.txt :", zf.read('demo.txt', pwd=pw.encode('utf-8')).decode('utf-8'))
print("sample.txt :", zf.read('sample.txt', pwd=pw.encode('utf-8')).decode('utf-8'))
zf.close()

Encrypting the cppsecrets ZIP file.
Reading data of member files of the encrypted ZIP file.
demo.txt : This is a sample demo file.
sample.txt : This is a sample text file. 

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