Как проигнорировать SSL в Python?
стала задача взять данных с кор. портала который построен на sharepoint 2013. Но на нем используются самоподписанные сертификаты.
для подключения использую sharepoint 0.4.2
но при соединение мне выдает:
C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\python.exe C:/Users/kavplunav/PycharmProjects/sharepoint/index.py Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1254, in do_open h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1106, in request self._send_request(method, url, body, headers) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1151, in _send_request self.endheaders(body) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1102, in endheaders self._send_output(message_body) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 934, in _send_output self.send(msg) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 877, in send self.connect() File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\http\client.py", line 1260, in connect server_hostname=server_hostname) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\ssl.py", line 377, in wrap_socket _context=self) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\ssl.py", line 752, in __init__ self.do_handshake() File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\ssl.py", line 988, in do_handshake self._sslobj.do_handshake() File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\ssl.py", line 633, in do_handshake self._sslobj.do_handshake() ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:645) During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred: Traceback (most recent call last): File "C:/Users/kavplunav/PycharmProjects/sharepoint/index.py", line 22, in main() File "C:/Users/kavplunav/PycharmProjects/sharepoint/index.py", line 19, in main parce_sp() File "C:/Users/kavplunav/PycharmProjects/sharepoint/index.py", line 13, in parce_sp for sp_list in site.lists: File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\sharepoint\lists\__init__.py", line 80, in __iter__ return iter(self.all_lists) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\sharepoint\lists\__init__.py", line 36, in all_lists result = self.opener.post_soap(LIST_WEBSERVICE, xml) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\site-packages\sharepoint\site.py", line 32, in post_soap response = self.opener.open(request, timeout=self.timeout) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 466, in open response = self._open(req, data) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 484, in _open '_open', req) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 444, in _call_chain result = func(*args) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1297, in https_open context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname) File "C:\Users\kavplunav\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\urllib\request.py", line 1256, in do_open raise URLError(err) urllib.error.URLError: Process finished with exit code 1Оценить 1 комментарий
Python Requests: Disable SSL validation
In this tutorial we will learn how to disable SSL validation using Python Requests library.
SSL validation is of extreme importance due to security reasons and it should be done in real application scenarios. Nonetheless, during the developments, it is very common that we want to send requests against a testing server that might have a self a signed certificate. Thus, it is useful to be able to disable this validation for such use cases.
To avoid having to setup a testing server, we will use of of the examples from the badssl website. In particular, we will do a GET request to this endpoint, that has a self signed certificate.
If you don’t have the requests library installed yet, it can be easily done using pip, just by sending the following command:
This tutorial was tested on Python 3.7.2 with version 2.23.0 of the Requests library.
The code
We will start by importing the requests module.
Then, to do the request, we simply need to call the request method. As first input we will pass a string with the HTTP method (“GET”) and as second input the endpoint to which we want to send the request.
Then we will pass an optional parameter called verify with the value False. This will allow to skip the SSL validation.
Note that, as output, this method returns an object of class Response, which we will store in a variable.
response = requests.request("GET", "https://self-signed.badssl.com/", verify = False) To finalize, we will print the response from the server, which can be obtained in the text property of the Response object.
The full code can be seen below.
import requests response = requests.request("GET", "https://self-signed.badssl.com/", verify = False) print(response.text) For comparison, we will also do the same request without skipping the SSL validation (when not specified, the parameter verify is set to True).
import requests response = requests.request("GET", "https://self-signed.badssl.com/") print(response.text) Testing the code
To test the previous code, we will start by running the example where we keep the SSL validation. I’ll be using IDLE, a Python IDE.
You can check the result in figure 1. As can be seen, an exception is thrown, indicating that the certificate is self signed.
Now we will run the example where we disable the SSL validation. The result can be checked below in figure 2.
As can be seen, we can now perform the request and get the response. Note however that a warning is sent to the shell indicating that “certificate validation is strongly advised“. This helps emphasize that, in real application scenarios, such validation should be performed and thus the approach we are seeing here should only be followed for controlled testing scenarios.
Disable InsecureRequestWarning in Python
InsecureRequestWarning is a warning that occurs when a request is made without certificate verification. In Python, this warning happens for requests sent from requests and urllib libraries. By default, both libraries implement SSL verification to enable a secured connection.
Note: Sending requests without verification of certificates exposes you to security threats like man-in-the-middle attacks. It is best to avoid this method for scripts used at the production level or when sending and receiving personal data.
Here is a simple example of how we can reproduce the warning.
InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made to host ‘api.github.com’. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/1.26.x/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings warnings.warn(
The request was sent successfully (shown by a status code of 200 on the response), but the requests library issues a warning that the HTTPS request is unverified. This is because we have verify=False.
We will discuss the following items regarding how to disable InsecureRequestWarning.
- Suppress InsecureRequestWarning in requests,
- Disable InsecureRequestWarning in the urllib package,
- Eliminate InsecureRequestWarning using the warnings package, and,
- Remove InsecureRequestWarning by explicitly issuing CA bundles for verification.
Suppress InsecureRequestWarning in requests
In this case, we need to add one line, as shown in the code snippet below. Once the warnings are disabled, we can send requests without SSL verification without requests giving InsecureRequestWarning.