- Functions Defined
- Compound Data Types
- Intuitive Interpretation
- All the Flow You’d Expect
- Quick & Easy to Learn
- Get Started
- Download
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- Python 3.10.5
- This is the fifth maintenance release of Python 3.10
- Major new features of the 3.10 series, compared to 3.9
- More resources
- And now for something completely different
- Files
- Python 3.10.10
- This is the tenth maintenance release of Python 3.10
- Major new features of the 3.10 series, compared to 3.9
- More resources
- And now for something completely different
- Files
- Functions Defined
- Compound Data Types
- Intuitive Interpretation
- All the Flow You’d Expect
- Quick & Easy to Learn
- Get Started
- Download
- Docs
- Jobs
- Latest News
Functions Defined
The core of extensible programming is defining functions. Python allows mandatory and optional arguments, keyword arguments, and even arbitrary argument lists. More about defining functions in Python 3
# Python 3: List comprehensions >>> fruits = ['Banana', 'Apple', 'Lime'] >>> loud_fruits = [fruit.upper() for fruit in fruits] >>> print(loud_fruits) ['BANANA', 'APPLE', 'LIME'] # List and the enumerate function >>> list(enumerate(fruits)) [(0, 'Banana'), (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Lime')]Compound Data Types
Lists (known as arrays in other languages) are one of the compound data types that Python understands. Lists can be indexed, sliced and manipulated with other built-in functions. More about lists in Python 3
# Python 3: Simple arithmetic >>> 1 / 2 0.5 >>> 2 ** 3 8 >>> 17 / 3 # classic division returns a float 5.666666666666667 >>> 17 // 3 # floor division 5Intuitive Interpretation
Calculations are simple with Python, and expression syntax is straightforward: the operators + , — , * and / work as expected; parentheses () can be used for grouping. More about simple math functions in Python 3.
# For loop on a list >>> numbers = [2, 4, 6, 8] >>> product = 1 >>> for number in numbers: . product = product * number . >>> print('The product is:', product) The product is: 384All the Flow You’d Expect
Python knows the usual control flow statements that other languages speak — if , for , while and range — with some of its own twists, of course. More control flow tools in Python 3
# Simple output (with Unicode) >>> print("Hello, I'm Python!") Hello, I'm Python! # Input, assignment >>> name = input('What is your name?\n') What is your name? Python >>> print(f'Hi, .') Hi, Python. Quick & Easy to Learn
Experienced programmers in any other language can pick up Python very quickly, and beginners find the clean syntax and indentation structure easy to learn. Whet your appetite with our Python 3 overview.
Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more effectively. Learn More
Get Started
Whether you’re new to programming or an experienced developer, it’s easy to learn and use Python.
Download
Python source code and installers are available for download for all versions!
Docs
Documentation for Python’s standard library, along with tutorials and guides, are available online.
Jobs
Looking for work or have a Python related position that you’re trying to hire for? Our relaunched community-run job board is the place to go.
Latest News
Python 3.10.5
This is the fifth maintenance release of Python 3.10
Python 3.10.5 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations.
Major new features of the 3.10 series, compared to 3.9
Among the new major new features and changes so far:
- PEP 623 — Deprecate and prepare for the removal of the wstr member in PyUnicodeObject.
- PEP 604 — Allow writing union types as X | Y
- PEP 612 — Parameter Specification Variables
- PEP 626 — Precise line numbers for debugging and other tools.
- PEP 618 — Add Optional Length-Checking To zip.
- bpo-12782: Parenthesized context managers are now officially allowed.
- PEP 632 — Deprecate distutils module.
- PEP 613 — Explicit Type Aliases
- PEP 634 — Structural Pattern Matching: Specification
- PEP 635 — Structural Pattern Matching: Motivation and Rationale
- PEP 636 — Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial
- PEP 644 — Require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer
- PEP 624 — Remove Py_UNICODE encoder APIs
- PEP 597 — Add optional EncodingWarning
bpo-38605: from __future__ import annotations (PEP 563) used to be on this list in previous pre-releases but it has been postponed to Python 3.11 due to some compatibility concerns. You can read the Steering Council communication about it here to learn more.
More resources
And now for something completely different
Strange quarks are the third lightest quarks, which are subatomic particles that are so small, they are believed to be the fundamental particles, and not further divisible. Like down quarks, strange quarks have a charge of -1/3. Like all fermions (which are particles that can not exist in the same place at the same time), strange quarks have a spin of 1/2. What makes strange quarks different from down quarks–apart from having 25 times the mass of down quarks–is that they have something that scientists call «strangeness.» Strangeness is basically a resistance to decay against strong force and electromagnetism. This means that any particle that contains a strange quark can not decay due to strong force (or electromagnetism), but instead with the much slower weak force. It was believed that this was a ‘strange’ method of decay, which is why the scientists gave the particles that name.
Files
| Version | Operating System | Description | MD5 Sum | File Size | GPG |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gzipped source tarball | Source release | d87193c077541e22f892ff1353fac76c | 25628472 | SIG | |
| XZ compressed source tarball | Source release | f05727cb3489aa93cd57eb561c16747b | 19361320 | SIG | |
| macOS 64-bit universal2 installer | macOS | for macOS 10.9 and later | cdc2e4c5a91477ae446689711c53aa72 | 40430804 | SIG |
| Windows embeddable package (32-bit) | Windows | 86be4156e8a5d5c9added8aab2bc83d1 | 7596969 | SIG | |
| Windows embeddable package (64-bit) | Windows | d97e3c0c7a19db2c5019f5534bcb0b19 | 8558134 | SIG | |
| Windows help file | Windows | 43c924ac87daeed65acd85596eed1e33 | 9319556 | SIG | |
| Windows installer (32-bit) | Windows | eb59401a8da40051ec3b429897ae1203 | 27478768 | SIG | |
| Windows installer (64-bit) | Windows | Recommended | 9a99ae597902b70b1273e88cc8d41abd | 28637720 | SIG |
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Python 3.10.10
This is the tenth maintenance release of Python 3.10
Python 3.10.10 is the newest major release of the Python programming language, and it contains many new features and optimizations.
Major new features of the 3.10 series, compared to 3.9
Among the new major new features and changes so far:
- PEP 623 — Deprecate and prepare for the removal of the wstr member in PyUnicodeObject.
- PEP 604 — Allow writing union types as X | Y
- PEP 612 — Parameter Specification Variables
- PEP 626 — Precise line numbers for debugging and other tools.
- PEP 618 — Add Optional Length-Checking To zip.
- bpo-12782: Parenthesized context managers are now officially allowed.
- PEP 632 — Deprecate distutils module.
- PEP 613 — Explicit Type Aliases
- PEP 634 — Structural Pattern Matching: Specification
- PEP 635 — Structural Pattern Matching: Motivation and Rationale
- PEP 636 — Structural Pattern Matching: Tutorial
- PEP 644 — Require OpenSSL 1.1.1 or newer
- PEP 624 — Remove Py_UNICODE encoder APIs
- PEP 597 — Add optional EncodingWarning
bpo-38605: from __future__ import annotations (PEP 563) used to be on this list in previous pre-releases but it has been postponed to Python 3.11 due to some compatibility concerns. You can read the Steering Council communication about it here to learn more.
More resources
And now for something completely different
Granular convection is a phenomenon where granular material subjected to shaking or vibration will exhibit circulation patterns similar to types of fluid convection. It is sometimes described as the Brazil nut effect when the largest particles end up on the surface of a granular material containing a mixture of variously sized objects; this derives from the example of a typical container of mixed nuts, where the largest will be Brazil nuts. The phenomenon is also known as the muesli effect since it is seen in packets of breakfast cereal containing particles of different sizes but similar densities, such as muesli mix. Under experimental conditions, granular convection of variously sized particles has been observed forming convection cells similar to fluid motion.
Files
Version Operating System Description MD5 Sum File Size GPG Sigstore Gzipped source tarball Source release 6dbe644dd1a520d9853cf6648084c346 26071329 SIG CRT SIG XZ compressed source tarball Source release 7bf85df71bbe7f95e5370b983e6ae684 19627028 SIG CRT SIG macOS 64-bit universal2 installer macOS for macOS 10.9 and later 892634724ab799569b512082c8f48c83 41005648 SIG CRT SIG Windows embeddable package (32-bit) Windows a681a7f9b242fe35b4d96d79e15e57d6 7663448 SIG CRT SIG Windows embeddable package (64-bit) Windows f38a9e7e02a992daa62569b758d0a388 8625602 SIG CRT SIG Windows help file Windows 448f8401ade49a7e2156d02512f2f9bf 9391521 SIG CRT SIG Windows installer (32-bit) Windows a81b81687bc2575c05a30f4b31d6ea00 27859200 SIG CRT SIG Windows installer (64-bit) Windows Recommended 9735797853cba809b13c8396c91354a0 29010904 SIG CRT SIG - About
- Applications
- Quotes
- Getting Started
- Help
- Python Brochure
- All releases
- Source code
- Windows
- macOS
- Other Platforms
- License
- Alternative Implementations
- Docs
- Audio/Visual Talks
- Beginner’s Guide
- Developer’s Guide
- FAQ
- Non-English Docs
- PEP Index
- Python Books
- Python Essays
- Diversity
- Mailing Lists
- IRC
- Forums
- PSF Annual Impact Report
- Python Conferences
- Special Interest Groups
- Python Logo
- Python Wiki
- Code of Conduct
- Community Awards
- Get Involved
- Shared Stories
- Arts
- Business
- Education
- Engineering
- Government
- Scientific
- Software Development
- Python News
- PSF Newsletter
- PSF News
- PyCon US News
- News from the Community
- Python Events
- User Group Events
- Python Events Archive
- User Group Events Archive
- Submit an Event
- Developer’s Guide
- Issue Tracker
- python-dev list
- Core Mentorship
- Report a Security Issue
Functions Defined
The core of extensible programming is defining functions. Python allows mandatory and optional arguments, keyword arguments, and even arbitrary argument lists. More about defining functions in Python 3
# Python 3: List comprehensions >>> fruits = ['Banana', 'Apple', 'Lime'] >>> loud_fruits = [fruit.upper() for fruit in fruits] >>> print(loud_fruits) ['BANANA', 'APPLE', 'LIME'] # List and the enumerate function >>> list(enumerate(fruits)) [(0, 'Banana'), (1, 'Apple'), (2, 'Lime')]Compound Data Types
Lists (known as arrays in other languages) are one of the compound data types that Python understands. Lists can be indexed, sliced and manipulated with other built-in functions. More about lists in Python 3
# Python 3: Simple arithmetic >>> 1 / 2 0.5 >>> 2 ** 3 8 >>> 17 / 3 # classic division returns a float 5.666666666666667 >>> 17 // 3 # floor division 5Intuitive Interpretation
Calculations are simple with Python, and expression syntax is straightforward: the operators + , — , * and / work as expected; parentheses () can be used for grouping. More about simple math functions in Python 3.
# For loop on a list >>> numbers = [2, 4, 6, 8] >>> product = 1 >>> for number in numbers: . product = product * number . >>> print('The product is:', product) The product is: 384All the Flow You’d Expect
Python knows the usual control flow statements that other languages speak — if , for , while and range — with some of its own twists, of course. More control flow tools in Python 3
# Simple output (with Unicode) >>> print("Hello, I'm Python!") Hello, I'm Python! # Input, assignment >>> name = input('What is your name?\n') What is your name? Python >>> print(f'Hi, .') Hi, Python.Quick & Easy to Learn
Experienced programmers in any other language can pick up Python very quickly, and beginners find the clean syntax and indentation structure easy to learn. Whet your appetite with our Python 3 overview.
Python is a programming language that lets you work quickly and integrate systems more effectively. Learn More
Get Started
Whether you’re new to programming or an experienced developer, it’s easy to learn and use Python.
Download
Python source code and installers are available for download for all versions!
Docs
Documentation for Python’s standard library, along with tutorials and guides, are available online.
Jobs
Looking for work or have a Python related position that you’re trying to hire for? Our relaunched community-run job board is the place to go.
Latest News