Php first to upper case

How to change case in PHP strings to upper, lower, sentence, etc

As a developer, you work with strings of different nature in day-to-day projects. Some may be a word long, a phrase, a sentence, or even comprising thousands of words.

It is easy to work on and change the case on shorter strings manually, eg. you can edit the string and make a sentence begin with an uppercase letter, to change an all uppercase text to a sentence case, etc.

In the case of long strings of texts, this will not be an easy task to accomplish and may take too long. The good news is that most programming languages have a way to easily convert and manipulate the case in a string.

In this article, you will learn how to convert strings to different cases using PHP language.

Converting a string to lowercase in PHP

To change all the alphabetical characters in a string to lowercase, we use the PHP strtolower() function.

Converting a string to uppercase in PHP

To change all the alphabetical characters in a string to uppercase, we use the PHP strtoupper() function.

Converting the first character in a string to uppercase in PHP

To change the first alphabetical characters of a string to uppercase, we use ucfirst() function.

Converting the first character of each word to uppercase in PHP

To change the first character of every word in a string in PHP, we use ucwords() function.

Converting the string to sentence case in PHP

All sentences start with an uppercase(capital) letter and end with either a full stop (.), a question mark (?), or an exclamation mark (!).

If our string comprises only one sentence, then converting it to a sentence case is very simple as we only use the ucfirst() function to convert its first character to uppercase.

Which programming language do you love most?

However, that will not be the case with a string comprising of multiple sentences.

— We split the string into an array of sentences using the preg_split() function;

— We loop through all the sentences in a for each loop;

— Convert the string characters in each sentence to lower case using the strtolower() function;

— Convert the first character of every sentence to uppercase using the ucfirst() function;

— Concatenate all our sentences to form back the original string, now with a sentence case.

Hello world! I am a programmer. I like programming in php.

From the above example, you can skip the conversion to lower case if you just want all the sentences to start with an uppercase without affecting the cases of other words/characters.

Conclusion

In this article, you have learned how to convert PHP strings to upper case, lower case, the first character of every word to upper case, the first character of the string to upper case, and also how to convert a combination of multiple sentences into sentence case, where every first character of every sentence starts with an upper case.

It is my hope that the article was simple enough to follow along and easy to understand and implement.

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Php first to upper case

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PHP ucfirst

Summary: in this tutorial, you’ll learn how to use the PHP ucfirst() function to make the first alphabetic character uppercase.

Introduction to the PHP ucfirst() function

The ucfirst() function accepts a string and returns a new string with the first character converted to uppercase if that character is alphabetic.

Here’s the syntax of the ucfirst() function:

ucfirst ( string $string ) : stringCode language: PHP (php)

The ucfirst() function use the current locale to determine which character is alphabetic.

PHP ucfirst() function example

The following example uses the ucfirst() function to convert the first characters of the first name and last name to uppercase:

 $first_name = 'john'; $last_name = 'doe' echo ucfirst($first_name) . ' ' . ucfirst($last_name); Code language: PHP (php)

John DoeCode language: PHP (php)

Dealing with multibyte characters

The ucfirst() doesn’t support multibyte strings. To return a new string with the first character converted to uppercase, you can use the following mb_ucfirst() function:

 function mb_ucfirst($str) < return mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1)) . mb_substr($str, 1); >Code language: PHP (php)

First, get the first character of the $str using the mb_substr() function and convert it to uppercase using the mb_strtoupper() function:

mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1))Code language: PHP (php)

Then, concatenate the uppercase character with the remaining characters in the string:

mb_strtoupper(mb_substr($str, 0, 1)) . mb_substr($str, 1);Code language: PHP (php)

The following example uses the ucfirst() to convert the first letter of the string äbtissin to uppercase:

 $title = 'äbtissin'; echo ucfirst($title); // doesn't workCode language: PHP (php)

äbtissinCode language: PHP (php)

However, it doesn’t work as expected. Because in the default “C” locale characters, the ucfirst() function doesn’t convert character like umlaut-a ( ä ).

The following uses the mb_ucfirst() function instead:

 $title = 'äbtissin'; echo mb_ucfirst($title);Code language: PHP (php)

ÄbtissinCode language: PHP (php)

Summary

• Use the ucfirst() function to returns a string with the first alphabetic character converted to uppercase.

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PHP ucfirst() Function

The ucfirst() function converts the first character of a string to uppercase.

• lcfirst() — converts the first character of a string to lowercase
• ucwords() — converts the first character of each word in a string to uppercase
• strtoupper() — converts a string to uppercase
• strtolower() — converts a string to lowercase

Syntax

Parameter Values

Technical Details

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