Php echo this template

Build Your Own Template Engine in PHP — Rendering & Echo

This post will focus on rendering the template and echoing out data that can be escaped with htmlspecialchars() .

Before we start writing code we need to take care of the most important part of any programming project — giving the project a name. I’m going to call it Stencil.

The templates themselves will all be plain PHP. We won’t be creating any special syntax like Twig or Blade, we’ll focus solely on templating functionality.

We’ll begin by creating the main class.

class Stencil  public function __construct( protected string $path,  ) <> > 

The Stencil class will need to know where the templates are located — so that gets passed in through the constructor.

To actually render our templates, we’ll need a render() method.

class Stencil  // .  public function render(string $template, array $data = []): string   // ?  > > 

The render() method accepts the name of the template and an array of data variables that will be accessible inside of said template.

We now need to do three things:

1. Form a path to the requested template.
2. Make sure the template exists.
3. Render the template with the provided data.

class Stencil  // .  public function render(string $template, array $data = []): string    $path = $this->path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $template . '.php'; if (! file_exists($path))  throw TemplateNotFoundException::make($template);  > // ?  > > 

The first two on the list are easy to do. Stencil will only look for .php files so forming a path is just a case of concatenating some strings. If the requested template contains any directory separators, that will handle the nesting of templates inside of directories.

If the file doesn’t exist, throw a custom TemplateNotFoundException .

To cover the third point in the list, actually rendering the template, we’ll want to make a new class called Template . This will house all of the methods available to the template and handle the real rendering side of things.

class Template  public function __construct( protected string $path, protected array $data = [],  ) <> public function render(): string   // ?  > > 

class Stencil  // .  public function render(string $template, array $data = []): string    $path = $this->path . DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR . $template . '.php'; if (! file_exists($path))  throw TemplateNotFoundException::make($template);  > return (new Template($path, $data))->render();  > > 

To obtain the rendered template as a string, we’ll take advantage of PHP’s output buffers. When you call ob_start() PHP will start to capture anything that the application attempts to output ( echo , raw HTML, etc).

You can retrieve that as a string and then stop capturing the output using ob_get_clean() . A combination of these two functions and an include will let us evaluate a template file.

class Template  // .  public function render(): string   ob_start(); include $this->path; return ob_get_clean();  > > 

This will handle rendering the template, but it doesn’t do anything to let the template access those data variables stored inside of $data . PHP being the wonderful language it is provides another function called extract() that accepts an array of key value pairs.

The key for each item in the array will be used to create a new variable in the current scope using the associated value. Since include and its relatives always execute the PHP file in the current scope, the template will be able to access the extracted variables.

class Template  // .  public function render(): string   ob_start(); extract($this->data); include $this->path; return ob_get_clean();  > > 

Perfect! Now we can render a template and give it access to the data variables provided. There is one thing that we haven’t considered. if we wanted to create some variables inside of the render() method, our template would also be able to access those. That’s not what we want!

To solve that problem, we need to wrap the extract() and include calls in an immediately-invoke closure — that way, the template will only have access to the variables inside of the closure.

class Template  // .  public function render(): string   ob_start();  (function ()  extract($this->data); include $this->path;  >)(); return ob_get_clean();  > > 

The final piece of the puzzle is a method for escaping values when echoing them. Closures inherit $this which means our template will be able to call any method we define on the Template class. Let’s create an e() method that accepts a value and escapes it using htmlspecialchars() .

class Template  // .  public function e(?string $value): string   return htmlspecialchar($value ?? '', ENT_QUOTES | ENT_SUBSTITUTE, 'UTF-8');  > > 

And like that we have a little template engine for our PHP projects.

The template above can be rendered using our engine:

$stencil->render('hello', [ 'name' => 'Ryan' ]); 

And will output the following HTML:

In a future blog post we’ll implement support for partials, allowing us to separate out common templates and use them in multiple places.

Stencil is open-source on GitHub too if you want to look at the source code.

Источник

PHP Template String

1. Use the echo Keyword to Generate a Template String in PHP
2. Use PHP strstr() to Generate a Template String
3. Use str_replace() to Generate Template Strings in PHP
4. Creating Our Function to Generate Template Strings in PHP

The template strings are the dynamic strings. Suppose you have a list of names and tasks, and you want to print each name and task name in a string one by one.

You can set a template string and then print the list one by one.

Python has a built-in function Template() , which converts a string with variables into one string.

Let’s see how it can be done in PHP.

Use the echo Keyword to Generate a Template String in PHP

The most simple way to generate a template string is the php keyword echo , and we can put different variables anywhere in the string and print it.

php $name = "Jack"; $last_name= "Enfield"; $job = "Software Engineer"; $company = "Microsoft"; echo "Employee name is $name> $last_name>, he is a $job> at $company>."; ?> 

The code above generates a template string with the given variable’s name , last name , job , and company .

Employee name is Jack Enfield, he is a Software Engineer at Microsoft. 

We can put the variables in an array with multiple values and set foreach loops and conditions to print multiple template strings with different values.

Use PHP strstr() to Generate a Template String

PHP has a built-in function strstr() which generates a template string. It takes two parameters, one is the template string, and the other is the array with values.

php $output_string = 'Employee name is $name $last_name, he is a $job at $company.';  $values = array( '$name' => 'Jack', '$last_name' => 'Enfield', '$job' => 'Software Engineer', '$company' => 'Microsoft');  echo strtr($output_string, $values); ?> 

The output for the code above will be the string with the values from the array.

Employee name is Jack Enfield, he is a Software Engineer at Microsoft. 

What if there is information of multiple employees? In that case, we can use a multidimensional array and foreach loop to generate multiple strings.

php $output_string = 'Employee name is $name $last_name, he is a $job at $company.';  $values = array(  array( '$name' => 'Jack' , '$last_name' => 'Enfield' , '$job' => 'Software Engineer', '$company' => 'Microsoft'),  array( '$name' => 'Samuel', '$last_name' => 'Stevens', '$job' => 'Software Tester', '$company' => 'Apple'),  array( '$name' => 'Mike', '$last_name' => 'Geller', '$job' => 'Salesman', '$company' => 'Amazon'),  array( '$name' => 'John', '$last_name' => 'Clay', '$job' => 'Manager', '$company' => 'Merriot Hotels')  );  foreach($values as $val)  echo strtr($output_string, $val);  echo "
"; > ?> 

Employee name is Jack Enfield, he is a Software Engineer at Microsoft. Employee name is Samuel Stevens, he is a Software Tester at Apple. Employee name is Mike Geller, he is a Salesman at Amazon. Employee name is John Clay, he is a Manager at Merriot Hotels. 

Use str_replace() to Generate Template Strings in PHP

The str_replace() is another PHP built-in function to generate string.

It takes three parameters, first is the array of values to be replaced, second the values, and third the template string.

php $pass = array('%name%', '%last_name%', '%job%', '%company%' ); $value = array('Jack', 'Enfield', 'Software Engineer', 'Microsoft'); echo str_replace($pass, $value, "Employee name is %name% %last_name%, he is a %job% at %company%."); ?> 

The str_replace() will replace the values with %% to the given values and generate a string from the given template string.

Employee name is Jack Enfield, he is a Software Engineer at Microsoft. 

Creating Our Function to Generate Template Strings in PHP

We can also create our function for generating template strings.

php $template = function ($values)   extract($values);  return "Employee name is $name $last_name, he is a $job at $company."; >; $values = array( 'name' => 'Jack', 'last_name' => 'Enfield', 'job' => 'Software Engineer', 'company' => 'Microsoft'); //No $ in the values array because extract function will itself detect values for variables.  echo $template($values); ?> 

The template function will first extract the values from the array and then return a string.

Employee name is Jack Enfield, he is a Software Engineer at Microsoft. 

Sheeraz is a Doctorate fellow in Computer Science at Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, China. He has 7 years of Software Development experience in AI, Web, Database, and Desktop technologies. He writes tutorials in Java, PHP, Python, GoLang, R, etc., to help beginners learn the field of Computer Science.

Related Article — PHP String

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Php echo this template

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