Php datetime to string with formatting

How to Convert DateTime to String in PHP

Manipulating with date and time is among the most common issues in PHP. In this tutorial, we have chosen the most straightforward and efficient ways of converting the DateTime object to string in PHP.

Using the format Method

The first method we recommend to use for converting the DateTime object to a string is format.

 $date = new DateTime('2000-01-01'); $result = $date->format('Y-m-d H:i:s'); ?>

In case format doesn’t succeed, it returns FALSE. In several applications, it would be best if you handled the failing case like here:

 if ($result) < echo $result; > else < // format failed echo "Unknown Time"; > ?>

Using the list Method

An alternative method to convert to convert the DateTime object to string is using list.

With it, it is possible to do anything with the date component.

Here is how a shorter way of using list looks like:

 list($day, $month, $year, $hour, $min, $sec) = explode("/", date('d/m/Y/h/i/s')); echo $month . '/' . $day . '/' . $year . ' ' . $hour . ':' . $min . ':' . $sec; ?>

In our snippet, we have covered some of the possible solutions to the issue of converting DateTime to string with PHP. For more solutions and additional information, you can check out this page.

Источник

date

Returns a string formatted according to the given format string using the given integer timestamp (Unix timestamp) or the current time if no timestamp is given. In other words, timestamp is optional and defaults to the value of time() .

Unix timestamps do not handle timezones. Use the DateTimeImmutable class, and its DateTimeInterface::format() formatting method to format date/time information with a timezone attached.

Parameters

Note: date() will always generate 000000 as microseconds since it takes an int parameter, whereas DateTime::format() does support microseconds if DateTime was created with microseconds.

The optional timestamp parameter is an int Unix timestamp that defaults to the current local time if timestamp is omitted or null . In other words, it defaults to the value of time() .

Return Values

Returns a formatted date string.

Errors/Exceptions

Every call to a date/time function will generate a E_WARNING if the time zone is not valid. See also date_default_timezone_set()

Changelog

Version	Description
8.0.0	timestamp is nullable now.

Examples

Example #1 date() examples

// set the default timezone to use.
date_default_timezone_set ( ‘UTC’ );

// Prints something like: Monday
echo date ( «l» );

// Prints something like: Monday 8th of August 2005 03:12:46 PM
echo date ( ‘l jS \of F Y h:i:s A’ );

// Prints: July 1, 2000 is on a Saturday
echo «July 1, 2000 is on a » . date ( «l» , mktime ( 0 , 0 , 0 , 7 , 1 , 2000 ));

/* use the constants in the format parameter */
// prints something like: Wed, 25 Sep 2013 15:28:57 -0700
echo date ( DATE_RFC2822 );

// prints something like: 2000-07-01T00:00:00+00:00
echo date ( DATE_ATOM , mktime ( 0 , 0 , 0 , 7 , 1 , 2000 ));
?>

You can prevent a recognized character in the format string from being expanded by escaping it with a preceding backslash. If the character with a backslash is already a special sequence, you may need to also escape the backslash.

Example #2 Escaping characters in date()

It is possible to use date() and mktime() together to find dates in the future or the past.

Example #3 date() and mktime() example

$tomorrow = mktime ( 0 , 0 , 0 , date ( «m» ) , date ( «d» )+ 1 , date ( «Y» ));
$lastmonth = mktime ( 0 , 0 , 0 , date ( «m» )- 1 , date ( «d» ), date ( «Y» ));
$nextyear = mktime ( 0 , 0 , 0 , date ( «m» ), date ( «d» ), date ( «Y» )+ 1 );
?>

Note:

This can be more reliable than simply adding or subtracting the number of seconds in a day or month to a timestamp because of daylight saving time.

Some examples of date() formatting. Note that you should escape any other characters, as any which currently have a special meaning will produce undesirable results, and other characters may be assigned meaning in future PHP versions. When escaping, be sure to use single quotes to prevent characters like \n from becoming newlines.

Example #4 date() Formatting

// Assuming today is March 10th, 2001, 5:16:18 pm, and that we are in the
// Mountain Standard Time (MST) Time Zone

$today = date ( «F j, Y, g:i a» ); // March 10, 2001, 5:16 pm
$today = date ( «m.d.y» ); // 03.10.01
$today = date ( «j, n, Y» ); // 10, 3, 2001
$today = date ( «Ymd» ); // 20010310
$today = date ( ‘h-i-s, j-m-y, it is w Day’ ); // 05-16-18, 10-03-01, 1631 1618 6 Satpm01
$today = date ( ‘\i\t \i\s \t\h\e jS \d\a\y.’ ); // it is the 10th day.
$today = date ( «D M j G:i:s T Y» ); // Sat Mar 10 17:16:18 MST 2001
$today = date ( ‘H:m:s \m \i\s\ \m\o\n\t\h’ ); // 17:03:18 m is month
$today = date ( «H:i:s» ); // 17:16:18
$today = date ( «Y-m-d H:i:s» ); // 2001-03-10 17:16:18 (the MySQL DATETIME format)
?>

To format dates in other languages, IntlDateFormatter::format() can be used instead of date() .

Notes

Note:

To generate a timestamp from a string representation of the date, you may be able to use strtotime() . Additionally, some databases have functions to convert their date formats into timestamps (such as MySQL’s » UNIX_TIMESTAMP function).

Timestamp of the start of the request is available in $_SERVER[‘REQUEST_TIME’] .

See Also

• DateTimeImmutable::__construct() — Returns new DateTimeImmutable object
• DateTimeInterface::format() — Returns date formatted according to given format
• gmdate() — Format a GMT/UTC date/time
• idate() — Format a local time/date part as integer
• getdate() — Get date/time information
• getlastmod() — Gets time of last page modification
• mktime() — Get Unix timestamp for a date
• IntlDateFormatter::format() — Format the date/time value as a string
• time() — Return current Unix timestamp
• Predefined DateTime Constants

User Contributed Notes

• Date/Time Functions
  • checkdate
  • date_​add
  • date_​create_​from_​format
  • date_​create_​immutable_​from_​format
  • date_​create_​immutable
  • date_​create
  • date_​date_​set
  • date_​default_​timezone_​get
  • date_​default_​timezone_​set
  • date_​diff
  • date_​format
  • date_​get_​last_​errors
  • date_​interval_​create_​from_​date_​string
  • date_​interval_​format
  • date_​isodate_​set
  • date_​modify
  • date_​offset_​get
  • date_​parse_​from_​format
  • date_​parse
  • date_​sub
  • date_​sun_​info
  • date_​sunrise
  • date_​sunset
  • date_​time_​set
  • date_​timestamp_​get
  • date_​timestamp_​set
  • date_​timezone_​get
  • date_​timezone_​set
  • date
  • getdate
  • gettimeofday
  • gmdate
  • gmmktime
  • gmstrftime
  • idate
  • localtime
  • microtime
  • mktime
  • strftime
  • strptime
  • strtotime
  • time
  • timezone_​abbreviations_​list
  • timezone_​identifiers_​list
  • timezone_​location_​get
  • timezone_​name_​from_​abbr
  • timezone_​name_​get
  • timezone_​offset_​get
  • timezone_​open
  • timezone_​transitions_​get
  • timezone_​version_​get

  Источник

  date_format

  The format of the outputted date string . See the formatting options below. There are also several predefined date constants that may be used instead, so for example DATE_RSS contains the format string ‘D, d M Y H:i:s’ .

  The following characters are recognized in the format parameter string

  format character	Description	Example returned values
  Day	—	—
  d	Day of the month, 2 digits with leading zeros	01 to 31
  D	A textual representation of a day, three letters	Mon through Sun
  j	Day of the month without leading zeros	1 to 31
  l (lowercase ‘L’)	A full textual representation of the day of the week	Sunday through Saturday
  N	ISO 8601 numeric representation of the day of the week	1 (for Monday) through 7 (for Sunday)
  S	English ordinal suffix for the day of the month, 2 characters	st , nd , rd or th . Works well with j
  w	Numeric representation of the day of the week	0 (for Sunday) through 6 (for Saturday)
  z	The day of the year (starting from 0)	0 through 365
  Week	—	—
  W	ISO 8601 week number of year, weeks starting on Monday	Example: 42 (the 42nd week in the year)
  Month	—	—
  F	A full textual representation of a month, such as January or March	January through December
  m	Numeric representation of a month, with leading zeros	01 through 12
  M	A short textual representation of a month, three letters	Jan through Dec
  n	Numeric representation of a month, without leading zeros	1 through 12
  t	Number of days in the given month	28 through 31
  Year	—	—
  L	Whether it’s a leap year	1 if it is a leap year, 0 otherwise.
  o	ISO 8601 week-numbering year. This has the same value as Y , except that if the ISO week number ( W ) belongs to the previous or next year, that year is used instead.	Examples: 1999 or 2003
  X	An expanded full numeric representation of a year, at least 4 digits, with — for years BCE, and + for years CE.	Examples: -0055 , +0787 , +1999 , +10191
  x	An expanded full numeric representation if requried, or a standard full numeral representation if possible (like Y ). At least four digits. Years BCE are prefixed with a — . Years beyond (and including) 10000 are prefixed by a + .	Examples: -0055 , 0787 , 1999 , +10191
  Y	A full numeric representation of a year, at least 4 digits, with — for years BCE.	Examples: -0055 , 0787 , 1999 , 2003 , 10191
  y	A two digit representation of a year	Examples: 99 or 03
  Time	—	—
  a	Lowercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem	am or pm
  A	Uppercase Ante meridiem and Post meridiem	AM or PM
  B	Swatch Internet time	000 through 999
  g	12-hour format of an hour without leading zeros	1 through 12
  G	24-hour format of an hour without leading zeros	0 through 23
  h	12-hour format of an hour with leading zeros	01 through 12
  H	24-hour format of an hour with leading zeros	00 through 23
  i	Minutes with leading zeros	00 to 59
  s	Seconds with leading zeros	00 through 59
  u	Microseconds. Note that date() will always generate 000000 since it takes an int parameter, whereas DateTime::format() does support microseconds if DateTime was created with microseconds.	Example: 654321
  v	Milliseconds. Same note applies as for u .	Example: 654
  Timezone	—	—
  e	Timezone identifier	Examples: UTC , GMT , Atlantic/Azores
  I (capital i)	Whether or not the date is in daylight saving time	1 if Daylight Saving Time, 0 otherwise.
  O	Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) without colon between hours and minutes	Example: +0200
  P	Difference to Greenwich time (GMT) with colon between hours and minutes	Example: +02:00
  p	The same as P , but returns Z instead of +00:00 (available as of PHP 8.0.0)	Examples: Z or +02:00
  T	Timezone abbreviation, if known; otherwise the GMT offset.	Examples: EST , MDT , +05
  Z	Timezone offset in seconds. The offset for timezones west of UTC is always negative, and for those east of UTC is always positive.	-43200 through 50400
  Full Date/Time	—	—
  c	ISO 8601 date	2004-02-12T15:19:21+00:00
  r	» RFC 2822/» RFC 5322 formatted date	Example: Thu, 21 Dec 2000 16:01:07 +0200
  U	Seconds since the Unix Epoch (January 1 1970 00:00:00 GMT)	See also time()

  Unrecognized characters in the format string will be printed as-is. The Z format will always return 0 when using gmdate() .

  Note:

  Since this function only accepts int timestamps the u format character is only useful when using the date_format() function with user based timestamps created with date_create() .

  Return Values

  Returns the formatted date string on success.

  Источник