Link html to xml file

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HTML link Tag Reference and Examples

An important tag used to point to a CSS stylesheet, an RSS feed XML file or favicon.ico website icon. We demonstrate all three here.

About — Understand the purpose of the link tag.
Syntax — Describe how it is used.
Settings — View required and optional attributes plus default behaviors.
Examples — Review common examples.

by Paul Alan Davis, CFA

Here we’ll not only see how to create a link, but also cover the purpose of CSS stylesheets, XML feeds and website favicon links.

An ad-free and cookie-free website.

Understanding the HTML link Tag

The tag is one of several important tags the developer likely places in every HTML document.

The beginner can focus on 3 of the 15 possible attributes here, as most of the rest are for advanced uses.

HTML Tags Reference

1. About the link tag

The tag sits inside the element, so it is not visible to the user.

Its primary purposes is to link related files, with a CSS stylesheet being the most commonly linked file type.

Second, the tag links RSS feed documents that are in XML format. An example is provided below.

Third, the element is used to point to a favicon.ico image. This image shows up in the browser tab next to the page title. It is also what the user sees if they save a bookmark in their browser.

Other common applications of the element beyond our scope here include canonical links, alternative CSS files for different media types, and for supplying information about a series of web pages.

2. Syntax for the link tag

The element for HTML5 requires only one tag, so it is self-closing. For the more strictly conforming XHTML standard it needs to be closed with/> as our examples demonstrate.

There can be multiple elements in any document and they must sit within the element.

Nearly every element includes the first two attributes, but sometimes the third is required.

rel — A required attribute specifying the type of link.
href — The attribute that passes the URL of the linked document.
type — The MIME file type of the linked resource.

A full list of attributes is provided in the next section. For those that are beyond our scope here, see the official HTML documentation at whatwg.org and w3.org.

The example above shows the common and basic placement of a link to a local CSS stylesheet with two attributes.

3. Settings for the link tag

As with all tags, Global Attributes can always be set.

Link tag attribues and values

Below is a series of attributes and values that can be set in the element. Those marked as High in the Priority column indicate where most beginners start.

Attribute	Priority	Purpose
as	Low	Used in conjunction with rel=»preload» and rel=»prefetch» for content security and prioritization. (Low browser adoption)
crossorigin	Low	Security settings to allow the webpage to access resources from a different domain. A value of anonymous sets no credential requirement between servers but lists of approved servers are still required. A value of use-credentials requires credentials like SSL certificates as well. (Low browser adoption)
disabled	Low	Used in scripts to turn off the use of the linked resource. (Low browser adoption)
href (highly recommended)	High	The relative or absolute URL of the linked document supplied as case-sensitive text, as in href=»style.css» for a relative link to a CSS file in the same directory as the HTML file. An absolute link might look like href=»https://example.com/style.css».
hreflang	Low	Specifies the language of the linked resource. It is advisory and only applies when the href attribute is supplied.
importance	Low	Used in conjunction with the rel attribute and values preload and prefetch. Values include auto, high, and low. (Low browser adoption)
integrity	Low	Includes a security hash for the resource. (Low browser adoption)
media	Mid	Settings for media queries commonly used for multiple CSS stylesheets depending on the size of the browser device.
methods	Low	Provides information to the browser about programmed objects. (Low browser adoption)
prefetch	Low	Instructs the browser to download the specified resource to speed up access should the user access it. (Mixed browser adoption)
referrerpolicy	Low	Indications for which referrer to use when accessing the resource. The default is no-referrer-when-downgrade and other choices include no-referrer, origin, origin-when-cross-origin and unsafe-url. (Mixed browser adoption)
rel (required)	High	One of 20 types the linked resource represents, including: alternate, author, canonical, dns-prefetch, help, icon, import, license, manifest, modulepreload, next, pingback, preconnect, prefetch, preload, prerender, prev, search, shortlink, stylesheet. Multiple types may be supplied as space-separated values.
sizes	Low	Size can be supplied as any for example if it is a scalable SVG format, or wxh format where w and h are width and height in pixels, respectively. Used to supply different sized favicons. (Low browser adoption)
title	Low	Within the attribute and used in conjunction with the rel=alternate setting, it refers to and selects an alternative stylesheet with this attribute supplied.
target	Low	Sets the window for the linked resource. (Likely deprecated)
type	High	To specify the MIME media file type, of the linked document (ie, text/css, image/x-icon). Because the rel=»stylesheet» for CSS defaults to text/css it isn’t necessary for CSS files. However, for the other file types noted it is supplied. See MIME types for a list of possible values.

Default behaviors

Each user-agent (browser) has its own stylesheet per se. This dictates how that browser styles each element by default. The Chrome browser styles the element using the following specifications.

4. Examples of the link tag

Example 1 — Demonstrate links to a stylesheet and third-party font

Web publishers often use third-party icons and fonts provided as CSS documents. Here we link to two stylesheets. First is a link to a stylesheet stored in the same directory as the HTML file (relative). Second is a link to a third-party font file stored at a remote URL (absolute).

While attributes can be supplied in any order, you may find it easier to read and organize multiple links by starting with the required rel=»» attribute, as shown here.

Example 2 — Show a link to an RSS feed for a local XML news feed file

For news or blog sites it is common to publish a news feed in XML format. RSS feed readers employ web crawlers to scan elements looking for links to feeds. The second link here points to a feed.xml file located in the same directory as the HTML page.

To learn more about how to create RSS feed documents, normally named feed.xml, see the Wikipedia article called RSS (opens in a new window).

Example 3 — Demonstrate how to create link to a favicon.ico image

The icon in the browser tab next to the page title is often placed in the root directory in a file called favicon.ico. Here we create a relative link to that file.

To learn more about how to create website branding images, normally named favicon.ico, see the Wikipedia article called Favicon (opens in a new window).

Summary

As examples demonstrate, the tag can be easily learned if your needs are basic. However, when pointing to files used in a scripting environment, especially when security comes into play, complexity increases quickly. In that case, the official documentation is your friend, but for most of us, what’s covered here is sufficient.

The tag is paired with other essential tags that should be included in every HTML document.

What’s Next?

Check out other free learning resources at our YouTube Channel. Subscribe and follow @factorpad on Twitter for updates.

For the complete HTML tag list, click Outline.
To learn about the tag, click Back.
The horror! Without coffee there would be no code, click Tip.
To specify additional information about a web page tag, click Next.

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HTML to XML Converter

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Link html to xml file