Java runtime error example

Runtime Errors Java

There are three types of errors that programmers frequently encounter. Let’s examine the first one, runtime error or runtime exceptions, by looking at the example below.

RunTimeErrorExample.java

package exlcode; public class RunTimeErrorExample  public static int exampleVariableOne = 5; public static int exampleVariableTwo = exampleVariableOne/0; public static void main(String[] args)  // this creates an error because numbers cannot be divided by zero System.out.println(exampleVariableTwo); > > 

When we run the code above, an error occurs and nothing is printed out onto the console. Runtime errors happen after the code is compiled and when the program runs the code. Because these errors cause the program to crash, they are hard to track down. In these cases, using comments to group off parts of the source code to narrow down the location of the error is a useful approach.

In the example above, we encounter a runtime error because the program is unable to divide by zero. In these types of errors, the program reaches something illegal, something it is unable to understand, or if it’s unable to find the code.

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What are Runtime errors in Java | Explained

In java, an unwanted event that terminates the program’s execution is known as an error. It occurs either because of syntactical issues or some other issues that can’t be detected at compile time. The errors that can’t be detected at compile-time and hence occur at the time of program execution are known as runtime errors while the errors with syntactical issues are referred to as compile-time errors.

This article presents a detailed overview of runtime errors in java and in this regard, we need to understand the following concepts:

What are Runtime Errors in Java?

The errors that occur at the time of program execution are referred as runtime errors. These types of errors can’t be detected at the compile time as there is nothing wrong with their syntax. So, we can say that the program that is syntactically correct still throws an error at the time of program execution is called a runtime error.

Types of Runtime Errors in Java

There are multiple types of runtime errors that we can face at the time of program execution. Some frequently encountered runtime errors are listed below:

• Input-output errors
• Infinite loop error
• Division by zero errors
• Logic Errors
• Out of range errors
• Undefined object error

Factors that Cause Runtime Errors

There are numerous factors that cause Runtime errors, among them the most commonly encountered causes are listed below:

• Dividing any numeric value by zero produces runtime errors.
• Accessing an array-out-of-bounds.
• Passing invalid data e.g. passing a numeric value to the non-numeric field.
• Passing invalid parameters/arguments to a method.
• Multiple processes trying to access the same resource at the same time.
• Trying to store an incompatible type value to a collection.
• Insufficient space/memory error in threads (OutOfMemoryError)

Examples of Runtime Errors

Let’s understand the concept of runtime errors with the help of examples.

Example

In this example, we have an array of size three:

public class RuntimeErrorsExample {
public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
int ary [ ] = { 4 , 6 , 2 } ;
System . out . println ( «Result: » + ary [ 3 ] ) ;
}
}

The array’s length is three and we knew that the array’s indexing starts from zero. So, specifying ary[3] means we are trying to access the fourth element of the array. Syntactically, nothing wrong with it so, we didn’t face any error at compile time. However, the JVM will throw the error at runtime:

From the above snippet, we observe that an error occurs at run time when we try to access the out-of-range index.

For the clarity of concept let’s consider another example:

Example

This time we have a string assigned with a “null” value and we will try to find the length of the string:

public class RuntimeErrorsExample {
public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
String str = null ;
System . out . println ( str. length ( ) ) ;
}
}

Following will be the output for the above code snippet:

When we run the program, we encounter a NullPointerException because the string is null.

So, how to handle such runtime errors? Does java provide a solution to deal with such runtime errors? Of course, Java does.

How to Handle Runtime Errors

In java, Runtime errors can be solved with the help of try-catch statements, and to do so, we have to put the code that can throw a runtime error in the try-catch statements.

Example

Let’s consider the below code snippet to understand how to solve runtime errors using try-catch statements in java:

public class RuntimeErrorsExample {
public static void main ( String [ ] args ) {
try {
int number1 = 110 , number2 = 0 ;
System . out . println ( «Outcome: » + number1 / number2 ) ;
} catch ( ArithmeticException excep ) {
System . out . println ( «Numeric values can’t be divided by 0» ) ;
}
}

Now we surrounded the code within the try-catch statements that can throw the error:

Now this time instead of throwing the error, JVM shows the message that we specified within the catch block.

Conclusion

In Java, the programs that are syntactically correct but still throw some errors at the time of program execution are known as runtime errors. These errors occur because of different reasons such as division by zero, accessing an array out of bounds, passing invalid data e.g. passing a numeric value to the non-numeric field, etc. These types of errors can be handled by surrounding the try-catch block around the code that can throw the runtime errors. This write-up explains different aspects of runtime errors for example what are runtime errors, their types, causes, and how to fix these errors in java.

About the author

Anees Asghar

I am a self-motivated IT professional having more than one year of industry experience in technical writing. I am passionate about writing on the topics related to web development.

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Runtime Errors in Java [SOLVED]

While working with the programming languages like executing a software program, there are many instances that we run into issues due to the run time errors or compilation errors. All these errors occur when the application is running. You might come across an instance where the application acts differently in a negative way to the requirements, then it means that a runtime error took place.

As it is one of the most common type of error that occurs during a software executive, let us get a deep idea on how to fix common types of runtime errors in Java and also the steps to be taken to resolve them on a timely basis.

Fix the 5 Most Common Types of Runtime Errors in Java

What is a Runtime Error in Java?

A runtime error in Java is referred to as an application error that comes up during the execution process of the program. This runtime error usually takes place when the syntax is corrected as expected while the issue lies during the program execution. All these errors can be detected by JVM – Java Virtual Machine and cannot be identified during the compilation time. Java is one of the most sought-after programming languages for the hiring managers across the world. So become an expert in Java through our Java Training and grab the best job opportunity.

Now, In this post, Let us discuss the top runtime errors in Java.

1. Division by zero errors
2. IO errors
3. Out of range errors
4. Undefined object errors

Differences Between Compile Time Error and Runtime Error in Java

Compile time errors are those errors in which the syntax would be incorrect in the application code. An example would be like missing semicolons, parenthesis, incorrect keywords, usage of undeclared variables, etc.

The Java compiler is capable of detecting the syntax errors during the compile time and the error message will be appearing on the screen. The compiler is also capable of preventing the code from the execution unless and until the error is resolved. Therefore it is important that these errors are addressed by making the necessary changes before the program is successfully executed.

The runtime errors occur during the program execution after the compilation has completed. Any program that is throwing a runtime error means that there are no issues with Syntax in the program.

Why Runtime Error Occurs in Java ?

1. Accessing an element that is out of range in an array
2. Dividing a number with 0
3. Less space or insufficient space memory
4. Conversion of an invalid string into a number
5. Attempting to store an incompatible value to a collection

When you come across such an address, you need to know that the Java compiler will be generating an error message and the program gets terminated abnormally. Runtime errors do not require to be caught explicitly. It is useful if you catch the runtime errors and resolve them to complete the program execution.

Let us review a few of the most common runtime errors in Java programming with examples to gain a deeper understanding.

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Java runtime error example

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