Java arrays with classes

Содержание

Проблема с созданием универсальных массивов
1. Введение
2. Универсальные массивы
The Easiest Way To Learn Java Array Of Generic Classes
Table of contents
How can I simulate generic arrays in Java?
Generic array creation in Java
Use Reflection class to create generic arrays in Java
Example
Output
Use object arrays to create generic arrays in Java
Example
Output
Java array class
Generic array in Java
Syntax
Can you make an array of generics in Java?
Why are there no generic arrays in Java?
How do you create a new generic array in Java?
How do you pass a generic class object as a parameter in Java?
What is generic classes in Java?
What is the main use of generics in Java?
How many type parameters can be used in a generic class?
How do you make a generic class in Java?
How do you pass a generic function in Java?
Summary
Java arrays with classes
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Проблема с созданием универсальных массивов

В этой статье мы представляем исчерпывающую статью, в которой объясняется проблема создания универсальных массивов. Язык программирования Java добавил дженерики в сентябре 2004 года в выпуске Java 5.0 «Tiger». Система обобщений или параметризации типов расширяет существующую систему типов Java, обеспечивая безопасность типов.

1. Введение

У Java есть Платформа Коллекций, предоставляющая библиотеку общих структур данных для использования в разработке программного обеспечения Java. В Collections Framework отсутствует одна структура данных — массив. Тем не менее, Java Collections Framework имеет типизированные структуры данных ArrayList.java и Vector.java. Обе структуры данных используют динамический массив одного измерения, который использует базовый массив java.lang.Object.

2. Универсальные массивы

Проблема в том, что дженерики используются со встроенным объектом массива в Java. Рассмотрим следующий класс Java, TestArray1.java, который объявляет два универсальных массива вокруг одного параметра универсального типа E. Исходный код класса Java:

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The Easiest Way To Learn Java Array Of Generic Classes

In this tutorial, we will talk about java array of generic classes. This is a continuance of the previous topic, entitled Collection Hierarchy.

How can I simulate generic arrays in Java?

In Java, you can’t directly define a generic array, which means you can’t assign a parameterized type to an array reference. But you can simulate the creation of a generic array by using object arrays and reflection features.

Generic array creation in Java

or our example, let’s look at a data structure called MyStack, which is a bounded stack with a fixed size. Since we want the stack to work with any type, a generic array would be a good way to build it.

First, we’ll make a field for our stack’s elements, which is an array of type E:

We’ll then include a constructor:

public MyStack(Class clazz, int capacity)

Take note of how we initialize our generic array, which takes two parameters, using java.lang.reflect.Array#newInstance. The new array’s first parameter determines the type of item it will include.

The array’s second parameter tells how much room to make for it. We must cast the Object type returned by Array#newInstance to E[] in order to use it to build our generic array.

Use Reflection class to create generic arrays in Java

In this method, we generate a generic array whose type will only be known at runtime using a reflection class.

The new method is similar to the old one, with just one difference: instead of passing the data type argument information to the class constructor, we use the reflection class in the constructor itself to create an object array.

The Array gets this kind of information. Method of reflection on the newInstance.

In the next program, reflection is used to make a generic array. Note that the whole structure of the program is the same as the previous method. The only difference is that this method uses reflection features.

Example

// program created by Glenn importjava.util.Arrays; class Array < private final E[] objArray; public final int length; // class constructor public Array(ClassdataType, int length) < // create a new array with the specified data type and length at runtime using reflection this.objArray = (E[]) java.lang.reflect.Array.newInstance(dataType, length); this.length = length; >// get element at objArray[i] Eget(int i) < returnobjArray[i]; >// assign e to objArray[i] void set(int i, E e) < objArray[i] = e; >@Override public String toString() < return Arrays.toString(objArray); >> public class Main < public static void main(String[] args)< final int length = 5; // create array with Integer as data type Arrayint_Array = new Array(Integer.class, length); System.out.print("Generic Array:" + " "); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) int_Array.set(i, i + 10); System.out.println(int_Array); // create an array with String as data type Arraystr_Array = new Array(String.class, length); System.out.print("Generic Array:" + " "); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) str_Array.set(i, String.valueOf((char)(i + 65))); System.out.println(str_Array); >>

Output

Generic Array : [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] Generic Array : [A, B, C, D, E]

Use object arrays to create generic arrays in Java

This method uses the array of type objects as a member of the main array class. We also use the get/set methods to read and change the elements of an array.

Then, we create an instance of the main array class, which lets us set the data type at runtime as needed.

Example

// program created by Glenn import java.util.Arrays; class Array  < private final Object[] obj_array; //object array public final int length; // class constructor public Array(int length)< // instantiate a new Object array of specified length obj_array = new Object [length]; this.length = length; >// get obj_array[i] E get(int i) < @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") final E e = (E)obj_array[i]; return e; >// set eat obj_array[i] void set(int i, E e) < obj_array[i] = e; >@Override public String toString() < return Arrays.toString(obj_array); >> class Main < public static void main(String[] args)< final int length = 5; // creating integer array Arrayint_Array = new Array(length); System.out.print("Generic Array :" + " "); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) int_Array.set(i, i * 2); System.out.println(int_Array); // creating string array Arraystr_Array = new Array(length); System.out.print("Generic Array :" + " "); for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) str_Array.set(i, String.valueOf((char)(i + 97))); System.out.println(str_Array); >>

Output

Generic Array : [0, 2, 4, 6, 8] Generic Array : [a, b, c, d, e]

Java array class

The Arrays class is part of the util package in Java. This is part of the Java Collections framework and gives you ways to create, access, and change Java arrays on the fly. All of the methods that the Arrays class gives you are static and come from the Object class.

Generic array in Java

Generics and arrays enforce type checking in different ways, which is a significant distinction. Specifically, runtime type information checking and storing occurs in arrays.

Generics, on the other hand, don’t contain type information at runtime and instead check for type issues at compile time.

Syntax

However, if we tried to do this, a compile error would occur.

Let’s explore the following in order to get why:

public T[] getArray(int size) < T[] genericArray = new T[size]; // suppose this is allowed return genericArray; >

Our procedure will be as follows at runtime since an unbound generic type T resolves to Object:

public Object[] getArray(int size)

If we call our method and save the result in a String array:

String[] myArray = getArray(6);

The code will compile fine, but a ClassCastException will be thrown when it is run. This is because we just gave a reference to a String[] an Object[] value. In particular, an implicit cast by the compiler won’t be able to change Object[] to the type String[] that we need.

Can you make an array of generics in Java?

Java lets you make generic classes, methods, and other things that can be declared independently of types. However, Java doesn’t allow the array to be generic.

The reason for this is that in Java, arrays of object contain information about their parts, and this information is used to allocate memory at runtime.

Why are there no generic arrays in Java?

Arrays of generic types aren’t allowed because they’re not safe. The problem is caused by the interaction between Java arrays, which are not statically sound but are checked dynamically, and generics, which are statically sound but not dynamically checked and suppresswarnings unchecked.

How do you create a new generic array in Java?

To make a generic array in Java, use the Reflection Class.

In this method, a reflection class is used to make a generic array whose type safety will only be known at runtime. The only difference between this method and the last one is that this method uses the reflection class as the constructor itself.

How do you pass a generic class object as a parameter in Java?

// program created by Glenn // generic methods public List fromArrayToList(T[] a) < return Arrays.stream(a).collect(Collectors.toList()); >public static List fromArrayToList(T[] a, Function mapperFunction) < return Arrays.stream(a) .map(mapperFunction) .collect(Collectors.toList()); >// bounded generics public List fromArrayToList(T[] a) < . >//multiple bounds // upper bound wildcards public static void paintAllBuildings(List buildings) < . >// lower bound wildcard

What is generic classes in Java?

A generic class just means that the items or functions in that class can be generalized with the parameter (for example, T) to show that we can add any type as a parameter in place of T, like Integer, Character, String or Strings, Double, or any other user-defined type.

What is the main use of generics in Java?

In a nutshell, generics allow types (classes and interfaces) to be used as parameters when defining classes, interfaces, and methods.

Raw type parameters are a way to reuse the same code with different inputs. They work a lot like formal parameters, which are used in method declarations.

How many type parameters can be used in a generic class?

Java generics also let you use more than one type parameter. To do this, you just need to add another type parameter between the angle brackets and separate it with a comma.

How do you make a generic class in Java?

To update the Box class so it can use generics, you change the code “public class Box” to “public static void class Box” to create a generic type declaration.

This makes the type variable, T, which can be used anywhere inside the class. As you can see, every instance of Object has been replaced with T.

How do you pass a generic function in Java?

In Java, generics are made possible by erasing types. This means that an ArrayList is just an ArrayList at run time. The compiler just puts the casts in for you.

Summary

This article discusses how I can simulate generic arrays in Java. In addition, we look at how you can pass a generic function and an instance of a generic type parameter into a generic class and generic array creation.

I hope this lesson has helped you learn a lot. Check out my previous and latest articles for more life-changing tutorials which could help you a lot.

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