- PHP Include
- Introduction to the PHP include construct
- PHP include example
- PHP include & variable scopes
- 1) Including outside a function example
- 2) Including within a function example
- Summary
- Include header and put index inside header html
- How to properly include a header file in a webpage
- Having only HTML for Header in Header
- Having only HTML for Header in HeaderFile and Separate HeadFile
- How to add a header to all html pages (preferably without javascript)
- HTML <header> Tag
- A heading here
- Definition and Usage
- Browser Support
- Global Attributes
- Event Attributes
- More Examples
- Main page heading here
- Related Pages
- Default CSS Settings
- In HTML5, should the main navigation be inside or outside the <header> element?
PHP Include
Summary: in this tutorial, you will learn how to include code from a file using the PHP include construct.
Introduction to the PHP include construct
The include construct allows you to load the code from another file into a file. Here’s the syntax of the include construct:
include 'path_to_file';Code language: PHP (php)In this syntax, you place the path to the file after the include keyword. For example, to load the code from the functions.php file into the index.php file, you can use the following include statement:
// index.php file include 'functions.php';Code language: HTML, XML (xml)If PHP cannot find the ‘functions.php’ file in the src directory, it’ll issue a warning. For example:
Warning: include(functions.php): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in . on line 4 Warning: include(): Failed opening 'functions.php' for inclusion (include_path='\xampp\php\PEAR') in . on line 4Code language: PHP (php)When loading the functions.php file, PHP first looks for the functions.php file in the directory specified by the include_path . In this example, it’s ‘\xampp\php\PEAR’ . If PHP can find the functions.php file there, it loads the code from the file.
Otherwise, PHP searches the functions.php file in the directory of the calling script and the current working directory. If PHP can find the functions.php file there, it loads the code. Otherwise, it issues a warning if the file doesn’t exist.
When PHP loads the functions.php file, it actually executes the code inside the functions.php file. For example, if you place the following code in the functions.php file:
// functions.php function get_copyright() < return 'Copyright © ' . date('Y') . ' by phptutorial.net. All Rights Reserved!'; > echo get_copyright(); Code language: HTML, XML (xml)and include the functions.php in the index.php file, you’ll see the following output when you run the index.php file:
Copyright © 2021 by phptutorial.net. All Rights Reserved!Code language: CSS (css)This demonstrated that the include construct does make PHP executes code in the functions.php file.
PHP include example
In practice, you’ll often use the include construct to the page elements from a general site design. For example, all pages in your website may have the same header and footer.
To avoid repeating these elements on multiple pages, you can place the code of the header and footer in separate files such as header.php and footer.php and include them on the pages.
Typically, you place the template files like header.php and footer.php in a separate directory. By convention, the name of the include directory is inc :
. ├── index.php ├── functions.php ├── inc │ ├── footer.php │ └── header.php └── public ├── css │ └── style.css └── js └── app.jsCode language: CSS (css)The header.php file contains the code of the header of the page. It has a link to the style.css file located in the public/css directory:
html> html lang="en"> head> meta charset="UTF-8" /> meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> link rel="stylesheet" href="public/css/style.css"> title>PHP include Example title> head> body>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)The footer.php file contains the code related to the footer of the page:
script src="js/app.js"> script> body> html>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)In the index.php file, you can include the header.php and footer.php file like this:
include 'inc/header.php'; ?> h1>PHP include h1> p>This shows how the PHP include construct works. p> include 'inc/footer.php'; ?>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)If you run the index.php file and view the source code of the page, you’ll also see the code from the header.php and footer.php files:
html> html lang="en"> head> meta charset="UTF-8" /> meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /> link rel="stylesheet" href="public/css/style.css" /> title>PHP include Example title> head> body> h1>PHP include h1> p>This shows how the PHP include construct works. p> script src="public/js/app.js"> script> body> html>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)PHP include & variable scopes
When you include a file, all the variables defined in that file inherit the variable scope of the line on which the include occurs.
1) Including outside a function example
For example, the following defines the $title and $content variables in the functions.php :
// functions.php $title = 'PHP include'; $content = 'This shows how the PHP include construct works.';Code language: HTML, XML (xml)When you include the functions.php in the index.php file, the $title and $content variables become the global variables in the index.php file. And you can use them as follows:
include 'inc/header.php'; ?> include_once 'functions.php'; ?> h1> echo $title; ?> h1> p> echo $content; ?> p> include 'inc/footer.php'; ?>Code language: HTML, XML (xml)2) Including within a function example
However, if you include a file in a function, the variables from the included file are local to that function. See the following example:
include 'inc/header.php'; ?> include_once 'functions.php'; ?> function render_article() < include 'functions.php'; return " $title
$contentCode language: HTML, XML (xml)In this example, we include the functions.php inside the render_article() function. Therefore, the $title and $content variables from the functions.php are local to the render_function() .
It’s important to note that all functions, classes, interfaces, and traits defined in the included file will have a global scope.
Summary
Include header and put index inside header html
Header File (for include) File with CSS includes (for include) Other files Solution 2: This is how I set out my headers and footers in my current PHP site: header.php: footer.php: Then whenever I create a new page, all I need to do is this: Solution 1: With jQuery: With JavaScript without jQuery: b.js: With PHP: For this to work you may have to modify the .htaccess file on your web server so php may be interpreted within .html files. Here is the simplest way of including HTML you can create html files for header, footer, content, anything you want to have in a separate file and all you need to do is: 1.put this in your page you could also download the w3.js and upload it to your server files 2.then where ever you want your html code, from the separate file, to be included to your page: for example include the next code anywhere after the previous «include» codes source w3schools.com
How to properly include a header file in a webpage
Your header file should only contain the HTML text you want for the header. As it will be inserted into another webpage, it should not be a full HTML document.
Having only HTML for Header in Header
One option is to instead include in your header file only the HTML that is for the header (used by all pages that include it). However this has the downside that your not following the recommendation to have CSS loading before is rendered.
Header File
Other files
Having only HTML for Header in HeaderFile and Separate HeadFile
You could have have a separate global_head_include.html (or txt, php, etc) file and put your CSS code there.
Header File (for include)
File with CSS includes (for include)
Other files
This is how I set out my headers and footers in my current PHP site:
footer.php:
