Hyperlink Example

HTML — Text Links

A webpage can contain various links that take you directly to other pages and even specific parts of a given page. These links are known as hyperlinks.

Hyperlinks allow visitors to navigate between Web sites by clicking on words, phrases, and images. Thus you can create hyperlinks using text or images available on a webpage.

Note − I recommend you to go through a short tutorial on Understanding URL

Linking Documents

A link is specified using HTML tag . This tag is called anchor tag and anything between the opening tag and the closing tag becomes part of the link and a user can click that part to reach to the linked document. Following is the simple syntax to use tag.

Example

Let’s try following example which links http://www.tutorialspoint.com at your page −

     
Click following link
 Tutorials Point   

This will produce the following result, where you can click on the link generated to reach to the home page of Tutorials Point (in this example).

The target Attribute

We have used target attribute in our previous example. This attribute is used to specify the location where linked document is opened. Following are the possible options −

Opens the linked document in a new window or tab.

Opens the linked document in the same frame.

Opens the linked document in the parent frame.

Opens the linked document in the full body of the window.

Opens the linked document in a named targetframe.

Example

Try following example to understand basic difference in few options given for target attribute.

     
Click any of the following links
 Opens in New | Opens in Self | Opens in Parent | Opens in Body   

This will produce the following result, where you can click on different links to understand the difference between various options given for target attribute.

Use of Base Path

When you link HTML documents related to the same website, it is not required to give a complete URL for every link. You can get rid of it if you use tag in your HTML document header. This tag is used to give a base path for all the links. So your browser will concatenate given relative path to this base path and will make a complete URL.

Example

Following example makes use of tag to specify base URL and later we can use relative path to all the links instead of giving complete URL for every link.

     
Click following link
 HTML Tutorial   

This will produce the following result, where you can click on the link generated HTML Tutorial to reach to the HTML tutorial.

Linking to a Page Section

You can create a link to a particular section of a given webpage by using name attribute. This is a two-step process.

Note − The name attribute deprecated in HTML5. Do not use this attribute. Use id and title attribute instead.

First create a link to the place where you want to reach with-in a webpage and name it using tag as follows −

Second step is to create a hyperlink to link the document and place where you want to reach −

This will produce following link, where you can click on the link generated Go to the Top to reach to the top of the HTML Text Link tutorial.

Setting Link Colors

You can set colors of your links, active links and visited links using link, alink and vlink attributes of tag.

Example

Save the following in test.htm and open it in any web browser to see how link, alink and vlink attributes work.

     
Click following link
 HTML Tutorial   

This will produce the following result. Just check color of the link before clicking on it, next check its color when you activate it and when the link has been visited.

Download Links

You can create text link to make your PDF, or DOC or ZIP files downloadable. This is very simple; you just need to give complete URL of the downloadable file as follows −

     Download PDF File   

This will produce following link and will be used to download a file.

File Download Dialog Box

Sometimes it is desired that you want to give an option where a user will click a link and it will pop up a «File Download» box to the user instead of displaying actual content. This is very easy and can be achieved using an HTTP header in your HTTP response.

For example, if you want make a Filename file downloadable from a given link then its syntax will be as follows.

#!/usr/bin/perl # Additional HTTP Header print «Content-Type:application/octet-stream; name = \»FileName\»\r\n»; print «Content-Disposition:attachment; filename = \»FileName\»\r\n\n»; # Open the target file and list down its content as follows open( FILE, »

Note − For more detail on PERL CGI programs, go through tutorial PERL and CGI.

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HTML Links

Links are found in nearly all web pages. Links allow users to click their way from page to page.

HTML Links — Hyperlinks

HTML links are hyperlinks.

You can click on a link and jump to another document.

When you move the mouse over a link, the mouse arrow will turn into a little hand.

Note: A link does not have to be text. A link can be an image or any other HTML element!

HTML Links — Syntax

The link text is the part that will be visible to the reader.

Clicking on the link text, will send the reader to the specified URL address.

Example

This example shows how to create a link to W3Schools.com:

By default, links will appear as follows in all browsers:

• An unvisited link is underlined and blue
• A visited link is underlined and purple
• An active link is underlined and red

Tip: Links can of course be styled with CSS, to get another look!

HTML Links — The target Attribute

By default, the linked page will be displayed in the current browser window. To change this, you must specify another target for the link.

The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.

The target attribute can have one of the following values:

• _self — Default. Opens the document in the same window/tab as it was clicked
• _blank — Opens the document in a new window or tab
• _parent — Opens the document in the parent frame
• _top — Opens the document in the full body of the window

Example

Use target=»_blank» to open the linked document in a new browser window or tab:

Absolute URLs vs. Relative URLs

Both examples above are using an absolute URL (a full web address) in the href attribute.

A local link (a link to a page within the same website) is specified with a relative URL (without the «https://www» part):

Example

Absolute URLs

W3C

Google

Relative URLs

HTML Images

CSS Tutorial

HTML Links — Use an Image as a Link

To use an image as a link, just put the tag inside the tag:

Example

Link to an Email Address

Use mailto: inside the href attribute to create a link that opens the user’s email program (to let them send a new email):

Example

Button as a Link

To use an HTML button as a link, you have to add some JavaScript code.

JavaScript allows you to specify what happens at certain events, such as a click of a button:

Example

Tip: Learn more about JavaScript in our JavaScript Tutorial.

Link Titles

The title attribute specifies extra information about an element. The information is most often shown as a tooltip text when the mouse moves over the element.

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HTML Links: How to create Links to other Web Pages

This article explains how to create a link from one page to another. It also outlines the different types of hyperlinks.

Links, otherwise known as , are defined using the tag — otherwise known as the element.

Hypertext references can use URLS, URLs, or URLs.

This refers to a URL where the full path is provided. For example:

This refers to a URL where the path, relative to the current location, is provided.

For example, if we want to reference the https://www.quackit.com/html/tutorial/ URL, and our current location is https://www.quackit.com/html/ , we would use this:

This refers to a URL where the path, relative to the domain’s root, is provided.

For example, if we want to reference the https://www.quackit.com/html/tutorial/ URL, and the current location is https://www.quackit.com/html/ , we could use this:

The forward slash indicates the domain’s root. No matter where your file is located, you can always use this method to specify the path, even if you don’t know what the domain name will eventually be (as long as you know the full path from the root).

Link Targets

You can nominate whether to open the URL in a new window or the current window. You do this with the target attribute. For example, target=»_blank» opens the URL in a new window.

The target attribute can have the following possible values:

_blank	Opens the URL in a new browser window.
_self	Loads the URL in the current browser window.
_parent	Loads the URL into the parent frame (still within the current browser window). This is only applicable when using frames.
_top	Loads the URL in the current browser window, but cancelling out any frames. Therefore, if frames were being used, they aren’t any longer.

Jump Links

You can make your links «jump» to other sections within the same page (or another page). These used to be called «named anchors», but they’re often referred to as jump links, bookmarks, or fragment identifiers.

Here’s how to link to the same page:

Add an ID to the Link Target

Add an ID to the part of the page that you want the user to end up. To do this, use the id attribute. The value should be some short descriptive text. The id attribute is a commonly used attribute in HTML.

Create the Hyperlink

Now create the hyperlink (that the user will click on). This is done by using the id of the link target, preceded by a hash ( # ) symbol:

So these two pieces of code are placed in different parts of the document. Something like this:

It doesn’t have to be the same page. You can use this method to jump to an ID of any page. To do this, simply add the destination URL before the hash ( # ) symbol. Example:

Of course, this assumes that there’s an ID with that value on the page.

Email Links

You can create a hyperlink to an email address. To do this, use the mailto attribute in your anchor tag.

Clicking on this link should result in your default email client opening up with the email address already filled out.

You can go a step further than this. You can auto-complete the subject line for your users, and even the body of the email. You do this appending subject and body parameters to the email address.

Base href

You can specify a default URL for all links on the page to start with. You do this by placing the base tag (in conjunction with the href attribute) in the document’s .

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