CSS Layout — The position Property
The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element (static, relative, fixed, absolute or sticky).
The position Property
The position property specifies the type of positioning method used for an element.
There are five different position values:
Elements are then positioned using the top, bottom, left, and right properties. However, these properties will not work unless the position property is set first. They also work differently depending on the position value.
position: static;
HTML elements are positioned static by default.
Static positioned elements are not affected by the top, bottom, left, and right properties.
An element with position: static; is not positioned in any special way; it is always positioned according to the normal flow of the page:
Here is the CSS that is used:
Example
position: relative;
An element with position: relative; is positioned relative to its normal position.
Setting the top, right, bottom, and left properties of a relatively-positioned element will cause it to be adjusted away from its normal position. Other content will not be adjusted to fit into any gap left by the element.
Here is the CSS that is used:
Example
position: fixed;
An element with position: fixed; is positioned relative to the viewport, which means it always stays in the same place even if the page is scrolled. The top, right, bottom, and left properties are used to position the element.
A fixed element does not leave a gap in the page where it would normally have been located.
Notice the fixed element in the lower-right corner of the page. Here is the CSS that is used:
Example
position: absolute;
An element with position: absolute; is positioned relative to the nearest positioned ancestor (instead of positioned relative to the viewport, like fixed).
However; if an absolute positioned element has no positioned ancestors, it uses the document body, and moves along with page scrolling.
Note: Absolute positioned elements are removed from the normal flow, and can overlap elements.
Here is the CSS that is used:
Example
div.relative <
position: relative;
width: 400px;
height: 200px;
border: 3px solid #73AD21;
>
div.absolute position: absolute;
top: 80px;
right: 0;
width: 200px;
height: 100px;
border: 3px solid #73AD21;
>
position: sticky;
An element with position: sticky; is positioned based on the user’s scroll position.
A sticky element toggles between relative and fixed , depending on the scroll position. It is positioned relative until a given offset position is met in the viewport — then it «sticks» in place (like position:fixed).
Note: Internet Explorer does not support sticky positioning. Safari requires a -webkit- prefix (see example below). You must also specify at least one of top , right , bottom or left for sticky positioning to work.
In this example, the sticky element sticks to the top of the page ( top: 0 ), when you reach its scroll position.
Example
div.sticky <
position: -webkit-sticky; /* Safari */
position: sticky;
top: 0;
background-color: green;
border: 2px solid #4CAF50;
>
Positioning Text In an Image
How to position text over an image:
CSS Always On Top
Ensure position is on your element and set the z-index to a value higher than the elements you want to cover.
It will probably require some more work than that but it’s a start since you didn’t post any code.
Solution 2
Assuming that your markup looks like:
Now both elements are positioned; in which case, the element at the bottom (in source order) will cover element above it (in source order).
Add a z-index on header; 1 should be sufficient.
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Comments
I have a website with a fixed image at the top of my screen. When I scroll down my page the image stays at the top like it should. However, all content below overlaps my image and it is then covered. How do I make my top bar (image) always stay on top? I want it to cover the content of the page as you scroll.
Thanks but what if i don’t know the z-index of other elements. So lets say i am building a separate component and in my component i have a context menu implemented as a div and i want to make sure whoever is using my component no matter what the z-indexes are set for the div in his html for his stuff, i want to make sure my component should show the context menu ?