- HTML Input Attributes
- Example
- The readonly Attribute
- Example
- The disabled Attribute
- Example
- The size Attribute
- Example
- The maxlength Attribute
- Example
- HTML5 Attributes
- The autocomplete Attribute
- Example
- The novalidate Attribute
- Example
- The autofocus Attribute
- Example
- The form Attribute
- Example
- The formaction Attribute
- Example
- The formenctype Attribute
- Example
- The formmethod Attribute
- Example
- The formnovalidate Attribute
- Example
- The formtarget Attribute
- Example
- The height and width Attributes
- Example
- The list Attribute
- Example
- The min and max Attributes
- Example
- The multiple Attribute
- Example
- The pattern Attribute
- Example
- The placeholder Attribute
- Example
- The required Attribute
- Example
- The step Attribute
- Example
- How TO — Responsive Form
- How To Create a Responsive Form
- Example
- Example
HTML Input Attributes
The value attribute specifies the initial value for an input field:
Example
The readonly Attribute
The readonly attribute specifies that the input field is read only (cannot be changed):
Example
The readonly attribute does not need a value. It is the same as writing readonly=»readonly».
The disabled Attribute
The disabled attribute specifies that the input field is disabled.
A disabled element is un-usable and un-clickable.
Disabled elements will not be submitted.
Example
The disabled attribute does not need a value. It is the same as writing disabled=»disabled».
The size Attribute
The size attribute specifies the size (in characters) for the input field:
Example
The maxlength Attribute
The maxlength attribute specifies the maximum allowed length for the input field:
Example
With a maxlength attribute, the input control will not accept more than the allowed number of characters.
The attribute does not provide any feedback. If you want to alert the user, you must write JavaScript code.
Input restrictions are not foolproof. JavaScript provides many ways to add illegal input. To safely restrict input, restrictions must be checked by the receiver (the server) as well. |
HTML5 Attributes
HTML5 added the following attributes for :
- autocomplete
- autofocus
- form
- formaction
- formenctype
- formmethod
- formnovalidate
- formtarget
- height and width
- list
- min and max
- multiple
- pattern (regexp)
- placeholder
- required
- step
and the following attributes for :
The autocomplete Attribute
The autocomplete attribute specifies whether a form or input field should have autocomplete on or off.
When autocomplete is on, the browser automatically complete values based on values that the user has entered before.
Tip: It is possible to have autocomplete «on» for the form, and «off» for specific input fields, or vice versa.
The autocomplete attribute works with and the following types: text, search, url, tel, email, password, datepickers, range, and color.
Example
An HTML form with autocomplete on (and off for one input field):
Tip: In some browsers you may need to activate the autocomplete function for this to work.
The novalidate Attribute
The novalidate attribute is a attribute.
When present, novalidate specifies that form data should not be validated when submitted.
Example
Indicates that the form is not to be validated on submit:
The autofocus Attribute
The autofocus attribute is a boolean attribute.
When present, it specifies that an element should automatically get focus when the page loads.
Example
Let the «First name» input field automatically get focus when the page loads:
The form Attribute
The form attribute specifies one or more forms an element belongs to.
Tip: To refer to more than one form, use a space-separated list of form ids.
Example
An input field located outside the HTML form (but still a part of the form):
The formaction Attribute
The formaction attribute specifies the URL of a file that will process the input control when the form is submitted.
The formaction attribute overrides the action attribute of the element.
The formaction attribute is used with type=»submit» and type=»image».
Example
An HTML form with two submit buttons, with different actions:
The formenctype Attribute
The formenctype attribute specifies how the form-data should be encoded when submitting it to the server (only for forms with method=»post»).
The formenctype attribute overrides the enctype attribute of the element.
The formenctype attribute is used with type=»submit» and type=»image».
Example
Send form-data that is default encoded (the first submit button), and encoded as «multipart/form-data» (the second submit button):
The formmethod Attribute
The formmethod attribute defines the HTTP method for sending form-data to the action URL.
The formmethod attribute overrides the method attribute of the element.
The formmethod attribute can be used with type=»submit» and type=»image».
Example
The second submit button overrides the HTTP method of the form:
The formnovalidate Attribute
The novalidate attribute is a boolean attribute.
When present, it specifies that the element should not be validated when submitted.
The formnovalidate attribute overrides the novalidate attribute of the element.
The formnovalidate attribute can be used with type=»submit».
Example
A form with two submit buttons (with and without validation):
The formtarget Attribute
The formtarget attribute specifies a name or a keyword that indicates where to display the response that is received after submitting the form.
The formtarget attribute overrides the target attribute of the element.
The formtarget attribute can be used with type=»submit» and type=»image».
Example
A form with two submit buttons, with different target windows:
The height and width Attributes
The height and width attributes specify the height and width of an element.
The height and width attributes are only used with .
Always specify the size of images. If the browser does not know the size, the page will flicker while images load. |
Example
Define an image as the submit button, with height and width attributes:
The list Attribute
The list attribute refers to a element that contains pre-defined options for an element.
Example
An element with pre-defined values in a :
The min and max Attributes
The min and max attributes specify the minimum and maximum value for an element.
The min and max attributes work with the following input types: number, range, date, datetime, datetime-local, month, time and week.
Example
elements with min and max values:
Enter a date after 2000-01-01:
The multiple Attribute
The multiple attribute is a boolean attribute.
When present, it specifies that the user is allowed to enter more than one value in the element.
The multiple attribute works with the following input types: email, and file.
Example
A file upload field that accepts multiple values:
The pattern Attribute
The pattern attribute specifies a regular expression that the element’s value is checked against.
The pattern attribute works with the following input types: text, search, url, tel, email, and password.
Tip: Use the global title attribute to describe the pattern to help the user.
Tip: Learn more about regular expressions in our JavaScript tutorial.
Example
An input field that can contain only three letters (no numbers or special characters):
The placeholder Attribute
The placeholder attribute specifies a hint that describes the expected value of an input field (a sample value or a short description of the format).
The hint is displayed in the input field before the user enters a value.
The placeholder attribute works with the following input types: text, search, url, tel, email, and password.
Example
An input field with a placeholder text:
The required Attribute
The required attribute is a boolean attribute.
When present, it specifies that an input field must be filled out before submitting the form.
The required attribute works with the following input types: text, search, url, tel, email, password, date pickers, number, checkbox, radio, and file.
Example
The step Attribute
The step attribute specifies the legal number intervals for an element.
Example: if step=»3″, legal numbers could be -3, 0, 3, 6, etc.
Tip: The step attribute can be used together with the max and min attributes to create a range of legal values.
The step attribute works with the following input types: number, range, date, datetime, datetime-local, month, time and week.
Example
An input field with a specified legal number intervals:
How TO — Responsive Form
Resize the browser window to see the effect (the labels and inputs will stack on top of each other instead of next to each other on smaller screens):
How To Create a Responsive Form
Step 1) Add HTML
Use a element to process the input. You can learn more about this in our PHP tutorial.
Add inputs (with a matching label) for each field, and wrap a element around each label and input to set a specified width with CSS:
Example
Step 2) Add CSS:
Example
/* Style inputs, select elements and textareas */
input[type=text], select, textarea width: 100%;
padding: 12px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
border-radius: 4px;
box-sizing: border-box;
resize: vertical;
>
/* Style the label to display next to the inputs */
label padding: 12px 12px 12px 0;
display: inline-block;
>
/* Style the submit button */
input[type=submit] background-color: #04AA6D;
color: white;
padding: 12px 20px;
border: none;
border-radius: 4px;
cursor: pointer;
float: right;
>
/* Style the container */
.container border-radius: 5px;
background-color: #f2f2f2;
padding: 20px;
>
/* Floating column for labels: 25% width */
.col-25 float: left;
width: 25%;
margin-top: 6px;
>
/* Floating column for inputs: 75% width */
.col-75 float: left;
width: 75%;
margin-top: 6px;
>
/* Clear floats after the columns */
.row:after content: «»;
display: table;
clear: both;
>
/* Responsive layout — when the screen is less than 600px wide, make the two columns stack on top of each other instead of next to each other */
@media screen and (max-width: 600px) .col-25, .col-75, input[type=submit] width: 100%;
margin-top: 0;
>
>
Tip: Go to our HTML Form Tutorial to learn more about HTML Forms.
Tip: Go to our CSS Form Tutorial to learn more about how to style form elements.