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background

The background shorthand CSS property sets all background style properties at once, such as color, image, origin and size, or repeat method. Component properties not set in the background shorthand property value declaration are set to their default values.

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Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

/* Using a */ background: green; /* Using a and */ background: url("test.jpg") repeat-y; /* Using a and */ background: border-box red; /* A single image, centered and scaled */ background: no-repeat center/80% url("../img/image.png"); /* Global values */ background: inherit; background: initial; background: revert; background: revert-layer; background: unset; 

The background property is specified as one or more background layers, separated by commas.

The syntax of each layer is as follows:

  • Each layer may include zero or one occurrences of any of the following values:
    • The value may only be included immediately after , separated with the ‘/’ character, like this: » center/80% «.
    • The value may be included zero, one, or two times. If included once, it sets both background-origin and background-clip . If it is included twice, the first occurrence sets background-origin , and the second sets background-clip .
    • The value may only be included in the last layer specified.

    Values

    See background-clip and background-origin . Default: border-box and padding-box respectively.

    See background-color . Default: transparent .

    The following three lines of CSS are equivalent:

    background: none; background: transparent; background: repeat scroll 0% 0% / auto padding-box border-box none transparent; 

    Accessibility concerns

    Browsers do not provide any special information on background images to assistive technology. This is important primarily for screen readers, as a screen reader will not announce its presence and therefore convey nothing to its users. If the image contains information critical to understanding the page’s overall purpose, it is better to describe it semantically in the document.

    Formal definition

    • background-image : none
    • background-position : 0% 0%
    • background-size : auto auto
    • background-repeat : repeat
    • background-origin : padding-box
    • background-clip : border-box
    • background-attachment : scroll
    • background-color : transparent
    • background-position : refer to the size of the background positioning area minus size of background image; size refers to the width for horizontal offsets and to the height for vertical offsets
    • background-size : relative to the background positioning area
    • background-image : as specified, but with url() values made absolute
    • background-position : as each of the properties of the shorthand:
      • background-position-x : A list, each item consisting of: an offset given as a combination of an absolute length and a percentage, plus an origin keyword
      • background-position-y : A list, each item consisting of: an offset given as a combination of an absolute length and a percentage, plus an origin keyword
      • background-color : a color
      • background-image : discrete
      • background-clip : a repeatable list of
      • background-position : a repeatable list of
      • background-size : a repeatable list of
      • background-repeat : discrete
      • background-attachment : discrete

      Formal syntax

      background =
      [ # , ]?

      =
      ||
      [ / ]? ||
      ||
      ||
      ||

      =
      ||
      ||
      [ / ]? ||
      ||
      ||
      ||

      =
      |
      none

      =
      [ left | center | right | top | bottom | ] |
      [ left | center | right | ] [ top | center | bottom | ] |
      [ center | [ left | right ] ? ] && [ center | [ top | bottom ] ? ]

      =
      [ | auto ] |
      cover |
      contain

      =
      repeat-x |
      repeat-y |
      [ repeat | space | round | no-repeat ]

      =
      scroll |
      fixed |
      local

      =
      border-box |
      padding-box |
      content-box

      =
      |

      =
      |

      =
      url( * ) |
      src( * )

      Examples

      Setting backgrounds with color keywords and images

      HTML

      p class="topbanner"> Starry skybr /> Twinkle twinklebr /> Starry sky p> p class="warning">Here is a paragraphp> p>p> 

      CSS

      .warning  background: pink; > .topbanner  background: url("starsolid.gif") #99f repeat-y fixed; > 

      Result

      Specifications

      Browser compatibility

      BCD tables only load in the browser

      See also

      Found a content problem with this page?

      This page was last modified on Jul 18, 2023 by MDN contributors.

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      Источник

      CSS background-image Property

      The background-image property sets one or more background images for an element.

      By default, a background-image is placed at the top-left corner of an element, and repeated both vertically and horizontally.

      Tip: The background of an element is the total size of the element, including padding and border (but not the margin).

      Tip: Always set a background-color to be used if the image is unavailable.

      Default value: none
      Inherited: no
      Animatable: no. Read about animatable
      Version: CSS1 + new values in CSS3
      JavaScript syntax: object.style.backgroundImage=»url(img_tree.gif)» Try it

      Browser Support

      The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully supports the property.

      CSS Syntax

      Property Values

      Value Description Demo
      url(‘URL‘) The URL to the image. To specify more than one image, separate the URLs with a comma Demo ❯
      none No background image will be displayed. This is default
      conic-gradient() Sets a conic gradient as the background image. Define at least two colors Demo ❯
      linear-gradient() Sets a linear gradient as the background image. Define at least two colors (top to bottom) Demo ❯
      radial-gradient() Sets a radial gradient as the background image. Define at least two colors (center to edges) Demo ❯
      repeating-conic-gradient() Repeats a conic gradient Demo ❯
      repeating-linear-gradient() Repeats a linear gradient Demo ❯
      repeating-radial-gradient() Repeats a radial gradient Demo ❯
      initial Sets this property to its default value. Read about initial
      inherit Inherits this property from its parent element. Read about inherit

      More Examples

      Example

      Sets two background images for the element. Let the first image appear only once (with no-repeat), and let the second image be repeated:

      body <
      background-image: url(«img_tree.gif»), url(«paper.gif»);
      background-repeat: no-repeat, repeat;
      background-color: #cccccc;
      >

      Example

      Use different background properties to create a «hero» image:

      .hero-image <
      background-image: url(«photographer.jpg»); /* The image used */
      background-color: #cccccc; /* Used if the image is unavailable */
      height: 500px; /* You must set a specified height */
      background-position: center; /* Center the image */
      background-repeat: no-repeat; /* Do not repeat the image */
      background-size: cover; /* Resize the background image to cover the entire container */
      >

      Example

      Sets a linear-gradient (two colors) as a background image for a element:

      Example

      Sets a linear-gradient (three colors) as a background image for a element:

      #grad1 <
      height: 200px;
      background-color: #cccccc;
      background-image: linear-gradient(red, yellow, green);
      >

      Example

      The repeating-linear-gradient() function is used to repeat linear gradients:

      #grad1 <
      height: 200px;
      background-color: #cccccc;
      background-image: repeating-linear-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%);
      >

      Example

      Sets a radial-gradient (two colors) as a background image for a element:

      Example

      Sets a radial-gradient (three colors) as a background image for a element:

      #grad1 <
      height: 200px;
      background-color: #cccccc;
      background-image: radial-gradient(red, yellow, green);
      >

      Example

      The repeating-radial-gradient() function is used to repeat radial gradients:

      #grad1 <
      height: 200px;
      background-color: #cccccc;
      background-image: repeating-radial-gradient(red, yellow 10%, green 20%);
      >

      Источник

      background-image

      Устанавливает фоновое изображение для элемента. Если одновременно для элемента задан цвет фона, он будет показан, пока фоновая картинка не загрузится полностью. То же произойдет, если изображения не доступны или их показ в браузере отключен. В случае наличия в рисунке прозрачных областей, через них будет проглядывать фоновый цвет. В CSS3 допустимо указывать несколько фоновых изображений, перечисляя их параметры через запятую.

      Синтаксис

      background-image: url(путь к файлу) | none | inherit
      background-image: url(путь к файлу) | none[, url(путь к файлу) | none]*

      Значения

      url В качестве значения используется путь к графическому файлу, который указывается внутри конструкции url() . Путь к файлу при этом можно писать как в кавычках (двойных или одинарных), так и без них. none Отменяет фоновое изображение для элемента. inherit Наследует значение родителя.

      HTML5 CSS2.1 IE Cr Op Sa Fx

      Объектная модель

      [window.]document.getElementById(» elementID «).style.backgroundImage

      Браузеры

      Internet Explorer до версии 7.0 включительно применяет фон к внутренней части границы элемента, у которого установлено свойство hasLayout . Если у элемента нет hasLayout , свойство background-image будет учитывать границы элемента, как это и задано в спецификации. Разница в отображении будет заметна, если границы пунктирные ( dashed или dotted ), а не сплошные.

      Если для элемента значение overflow установлено как scroll или auto , в Internet Explorer 8 будет вертикальная задержка в один пиксел при прокрутке фона.

      Internet Explorer до версии 7.0 включительно не поддерживает значение inherit .

      HTML5 CSS2.1 IE Cr Op Sa Fx

              
      123

      Результат данного примера в браузере Chrome показан на рис. 1. Браузер Internet Explorer, Opera и Firefox корректно отображают фон для строки (рис. 2).

      Рис. 1. Повторение фона для каждой ячейки

      Рис. 2. Фон для всей строки

      Источник

      HTML Background Images

      A background image can be specified for almost any HTML element.

      Background Image on a HTML element

      To add a background image on an HTML element, use the HTML style attribute and the CSS background-image property:

      Example

      Add a background image on a HTML element:

      You can also specify the background image in the element, in the section:

      Example

      Specify the background image in the element:

      Background Image on a Page

      If you want the entire page to have a background image, you must specify the background image on the element:

      Example

      Add a background image for the entire page:

      Background Repeat

      If the background image is smaller than the element, the image will repeat itself, horizontally and vertically, until it reaches the end of the element:

      Example

      To avoid the background image from repeating itself, set the background-repeat property to no-repeat .

      Example

      Background Cover

      If you want the background image to cover the entire element, you can set the background-size property to cover.

      Also, to make sure the entire element is always covered, set the background-attachment property to fixed:

      This way, the background image will cover the entire element, with no stretching (the image will keep its original proportions):

      Example

      Background Stretch

      If you want the background image to stretch to fit the entire element, you can set the background-size property to 100% 100% :

      Try resizing the browser window, and you will see that the image will stretch, but always cover the entire element.

      Example

      Learn More CSS

      From the examples above you have learned that background images can be styled by using the CSS background properties.

      To learn more about CSS background properties, study our CSS Background Tutorial.

      Источник

      CSS Background Image

      The background-image property specifies an image to use as the background of an element.

      By default, the image is repeated so it covers the entire element.

      Example

      Set the background image for a page:

      Example

      This example shows a bad combination of text and background image. The text is hardly readable:

      Note: When using a background image, use an image that does not disturb the text.

      The background image can also be set for specific elements, like the

      element:

      Example

      The CSS Background Image Property

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