Floating left and right css

Logical properties for floating and positioning

The Logical Properties and Values specification contains logical mappings for the physical values of float and clear , and also for the positioning properties used with positioned layout. This guide takes a look at how to use these.

Mapped properties and values

The table below details the properties and values discussed in this guide along with their physical mappings. They assume a horizontal writing-mode , with a left-to-right direction.

Logical property or value	Physical property or value
float : inline-start	float : left
float : inline-end	float : right
clear : inline-start	clear : left
clear : inline-end	clear : right
inset-inline-start	left
inset-inline-end	right
inset-block-start	top
inset-block-end	bottom
text-align : start	text-align : left
text-align : end	text-align : right

In addition to these mapped properties there are some additional shorthand properties made possible by being able to address block and inline dimensions. These have no mapping to physical properties, aside from the inset property.

Logical property	Purpose
inset-inline	Sets both of the above inset values for the inline dimension simultaneously.
inset-block	Sets both of the above inset values for the block dimension simultaneously.
inset	Sets all four inset values simultaneously with physical mapping of multi-value.

Float and clear example

The physical values used with the float and clear properties are left , right and both . The Logical Properties specification defines the values inline-start and inline-end as mappings for left and right .

In the example below I have two boxes — the first has the box floated with float: left , the second with float: inline-start . If you change the writing-mode to vertical-rl or the direction to rtl you will see that the left-floated box always sticks to the left, whereas the inline-start -floated item follows the direction and writing-mode .

Example: Inset properties for positioned layout

Positioning generally allows us to position an element in a manner relative to its containing block — we essentially inset the item relative to where it would fall based on normal flow. To do this we have historically used the physical properties top , right , bottom and left .

These properties take a length or a percentage as a value, and relate to the user’s screen dimensions.

New properties have been created in the Logical Properties specification for when you want the positioning to relate to the flow of text in your writing mode. These are as follows: inset-block-start , inset-block-end , inset-inline-start and inset-inline-end .

In the below example I have used the inset-block-start and inset-inline-end properties to position the blue box using absolute positioning inside the area with the grey dotted border, which has position: relative . Change the writing-mode property to vertical-rl , or add direction: rtl , and see how the flow relative box stays with the text direction.

New two- and four-value shorthands

As with other properties in the specification we have some new shorthand properties, which give the ability to set two or four values at once.

• inset — sets all four sides together with physical mapping.
• inset-inline — sets both logical inline insets.
• inset-block — sets both logical block insets.

Example: Logical values for text-align

The text-align property has logical values that relate to text direction — rather than using left and right we can use start and end . In the below example I have set text-align: right in the first block and text-align: end in the second.

If you change the value of direction to rtl you will see that the alignment stays to the right for the first block, but goes to the logical end on the left in the second.

This works more consistently when using box alignment that uses start and end rather than physical directions for alignment.

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CSS Layout — float and clear

The CSS float property specifies how an element should float.

The CSS clear property specifies what elements can float beside the cleared element and on which side.

The float Property

The float property is used for positioning and formatting content e.g. let an image float left to the text in a container.

The float property can have one of the following values:

• left — The element floats to the left of its container
• right — The element floats to the right of its container
• none — The element does not float (will be displayed just where it occurs in the text). This is default
• inherit — The element inherits the float value of its parent

In its simplest use, the float property can be used to wrap text around images.

Example — float: right;

The following example specifies that an image should float to the right in a text:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus imperdiet, nulla et dictum interdum, nisi lorem egestas odio, vitae scelerisque enim ligula venenatis dolor. Maecenas nisl est, ultrices nec congue eget, auctor vitae massa. Fusce luctus vestibulum augue ut aliquet. Mauris ante ligula, facilisis sed ornare eu, lobortis in odio. Praesent convallis urna a lacus interdum ut hendrerit risus congue. Nunc sagittis dictum nisi, sed ullamcorper ipsum dignissim ac.

Example

Example — float: left;

The following example specifies that an image should float to the left in a text:

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus imperdiet, nulla et dictum interdum, nisi lorem egestas odio, vitae scelerisque enim ligula venenatis dolor. Maecenas nisl est, ultrices nec congue eget, auctor vitae massa. Fusce luctus vestibulum augue ut aliquet. Mauris ante ligula, facilisis sed ornare eu, lobortis in odio. Praesent convallis urna a lacus interdum ut hendrerit risus congue. Nunc sagittis dictum nisi, sed ullamcorper ipsum dignissim ac.

Example

Example — No float

In the following example the image will be displayed just where it occurs in the text (float: none;):

Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus imperdiet, nulla et dictum interdum, nisi lorem egestas odio, vitae scelerisque enim ligula venenatis dolor. Maecenas nisl est, ultrices nec congue eget, auctor vitae massa. Fusce luctus vestibulum augue ut aliquet. Mauris ante ligula, facilisis sed ornare eu, lobortis in odio. Praesent convallis urna a lacus interdum ut hendrerit risus congue. Nunc sagittis dictum nisi, sed ullamcorper ipsum dignissim ac.

Example

Example — Float Next To Each Other

Normally div elements will be displayed on top of each other. However, if we use float: left we can let elements float next to each other:

Example

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float

The float CSS property places an element on the left or right side of its container, allowing text and inline elements to wrap around it. The element is removed from the normal flow of the page, though still remaining a part of the flow (in contrast to absolute positioning).

Try it

A floating element is one where the computed value of float is not none .

As float implies the use of the block layout, it modifies the computed value of the display values, in some cases:

Specified value	Computed value
inline	block
inline-block	block
inline-table	table
table-row	block
table-row-group	block
table-column	block
table-column-group	block
table-cell	block
table-caption	block
table-header-group	block
table-footer-group	block
inline-flex	flex
inline-grid	grid
other	unchanged

Note: If you’re referring to this property from JavaScript as a member of the HTMLElement.style object, modern browsers support float , but in older browsers you have to spell it as cssFloat . This was an exception to the rule, that the name of the DOM member is the camel-case name of the dash-separated CSS name (because «float» is a reserved word in JavaScript, as seen in the need to escape «class» as «className» and escape ‘s «for» as «htmlFor»).

Syntax

/* Keyword values */ float: left; float: right; float: none; float: inline-start; float: inline-end; /* Global values */ float: inherit; float: initial; float: revert; float: revert-layer; float: unset; 

The float property is specified as a single keyword, chosen from the list of values below.

Values

The element must float on the left side of its containing block.

The element must float on the right side of its containing block.

The element must not float.

The element must float on the start side of its containing block. That is the left side with ltr scripts, and the right side with rtl scripts.

The element must float on the end side of its containing block. That is the right side with ltr scripts, and the left side with rtl scripts.

Formal definition

Initial value	none
Applies to	all elements, but has no effect if the value of display is none .
Inherited	no
Computed value	as specified
Animation type	discrete

Formal syntax

float =
block-start |
block-end |
inline-start |
inline-end |
snap-block |
|
snap-inline |
|
left |
right |
top |
bottom |
none |
footnote

=
snap-block( , [ start | end | near ]? )

=
snap-inline( , [ left | right | near ]? )

Examples

How floated elements are positioned

As mentioned above, when an element is floated, it is taken out of the normal flow of the document (though still remaining part of it). It is shifted to the left, or right, until it touches the edge of its containing box, or another floated element.

In this example, there are three colored squares. Two are floated left, and one is floated right. Note that the second «left» square is placed to the right of the first. Additional squares would continue to stack to the right, until they filled the containing box, after which they would wrap to the next line.

A floated element is at least as tall as its tallest nested floated children. We gave the parent width: 100% and floated it to ensure it is tall enough to encompass its floated children, and to make sure it takes up the width of the parent so we don’t have to clear its adjacent sibling.

HTML

section> div class="left">1div> div class="left">2div> div class="right">3div> p> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Morbi tristique sapien ac erat tincidunt, sit amet dignissim lectus vulputate. Donec id iaculis velit. Aliquam vel malesuada erat. Praesent non magna ac massa aliquet tincidunt vel in massa. Phasellus feugiat est vel leo finibus congue. p> section> 

CSS

section  box-sizing: border-box; border: 1px solid blue; width: 100%; float: left; > div  margin: 5px; width: 50px; height: 150px; > .left  float: left; background: pink; > .right  float: right; background: cyan; > 

Result

Clearing floats

Sometimes you may want to force an item to move below any floated elements. For instance, you may want paragraphs to remain adjacent to floats, but force headings to be on their own line. See clear for examples.

Specifications

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

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