DateTime Objects¶
Various date and time objects are supplied by the datetime module. Before using any of these functions, the header file datetime.h must be included in your source (note that this is not included by Python.h ), and the macro PyDateTime_IMPORT must be invoked, usually as part of the module initialisation function. The macro puts a pointer to a C structure into a static variable, PyDateTimeAPI , that is used by the following macros.
Macro for access to the UTC singleton:
Returns the time zone singleton representing UTC, the same object as datetime.timezone.utc .
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DateType or a subtype of PyDateTime_DateType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyDate_CheckExact ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DateType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyDateTime_Check ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DateTimeType or a subtype of PyDateTime_DateTimeType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyDateTime_CheckExact ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DateTimeType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_TimeType or a subtype of PyDateTime_TimeType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyTime_CheckExact ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_TimeType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DeltaType or a subtype of PyDateTime_DeltaType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyDelta_CheckExact ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_DeltaType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_TZInfoType or a subtype of PyDateTime_TZInfoType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
int PyTZInfo_CheckExact ( PyObject * ob ) ¶
Return true if ob is of type PyDateTime_TZInfoType . ob must not be NULL . This function always succeeds.
PyObject * PyDate_FromDate ( int year , int month , int day ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.date object with the specified year, month and day.
PyObject * PyDateTime_FromDateAndTime ( int year , int month , int day , int hour , int minute , int second , int usecond ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.datetime object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second and microsecond.
PyObject * PyDateTime_FromDateAndTimeAndFold ( int year , int month , int day , int hour , int minute , int second , int usecond , int fold ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.datetime object with the specified year, month, day, hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.
PyObject * PyTime_FromTime ( int hour , int minute , int second , int usecond ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.time object with the specified hour, minute, second and microsecond.
PyObject * PyTime_FromTimeAndFold ( int hour , int minute , int second , int usecond , int fold ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.time object with the specified hour, minute, second, microsecond and fold.
Return a datetime.timedelta object representing the given number of days, seconds and microseconds. Normalization is performed so that the resulting number of microseconds and seconds lie in the ranges documented for datetime.timedelta objects.
PyObject * PyTimeZone_FromOffset ( PyDateTime_DeltaType * offset ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.timezone object with an unnamed fixed offset represented by the offset argument.
PyObject * PyTimeZone_FromOffsetAndName ( PyDateTime_DeltaType * offset , PyUnicode * name ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Return a datetime.timezone object with a fixed offset represented by the offset argument and with tzname name.
Macros to extract fields from date objects. The argument must be an instance of PyDateTime_Date , including subclasses (such as PyDateTime_DateTime ). The argument must not be NULL , and the type is not checked:
int PyDateTime_GET_YEAR ( PyDateTime_Date * o ) ¶
Return the year, as a positive int.
int PyDateTime_GET_MONTH ( PyDateTime_Date * o ) ¶
Return the month, as an int from 1 through 12.
int PyDateTime_GET_DAY ( PyDateTime_Date * o ) ¶
Return the day, as an int from 1 through 31.
Macros to extract fields from datetime objects. The argument must be an instance of PyDateTime_DateTime , including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL , and the type is not checked:
int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_HOUR ( PyDateTime_DateTime * o ) ¶
Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.
int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MINUTE ( PyDateTime_DateTime * o ) ¶
Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.
int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_SECOND ( PyDateTime_DateTime * o ) ¶
Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.
int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_MICROSECOND ( PyDateTime_DateTime * o ) ¶
Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.
int PyDateTime_DATE_GET_FOLD ( PyDateTime_DateTime * o ) ¶
Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.
Return the tzinfo (which may be None ).
Macros to extract fields from time objects. The argument must be an instance of PyDateTime_Time , including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL , and the type is not checked:
int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_HOUR ( PyDateTime_Time * o ) ¶
Return the hour, as an int from 0 through 23.
int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MINUTE ( PyDateTime_Time * o ) ¶
Return the minute, as an int from 0 through 59.
int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_SECOND ( PyDateTime_Time * o ) ¶
Return the second, as an int from 0 through 59.
int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_MICROSECOND ( PyDateTime_Time * o ) ¶
Return the microsecond, as an int from 0 through 999999.
int PyDateTime_TIME_GET_FOLD ( PyDateTime_Time * o ) ¶
Return the fold, as an int from 0 through 1.
Return the tzinfo (which may be None ).
Macros to extract fields from time delta objects. The argument must be an instance of PyDateTime_Delta , including subclasses. The argument must not be NULL , and the type is not checked:
int PyDateTime_DELTA_GET_DAYS ( PyDateTime_Delta * o ) ¶
Return the number of days, as an int from -999999999 to 999999999.
Return the number of seconds, as an int from 0 through 86399.
Return the number of microseconds, as an int from 0 through 999999.
Macros for the convenience of modules implementing the DB API:
PyObject * PyDateTime_FromTimestamp ( PyObject * args ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Create and return a new datetime.datetime object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp() .
PyObject * PyDate_FromTimestamp ( PyObject * args ) ¶
Return value: New reference.
Create and return a new datetime.date object given an argument tuple suitable for passing to datetime.date.fromtimestamp() .
Data Types¶
The modules described in this chapter provide a variety of specialized data types such as dates and times, fixed-type arrays, heap queues, double-ended queues, and enumerations.
Python also provides some built-in data types, in particular, dict , list , set and frozenset , and tuple . The str class is used to hold Unicode strings, and the bytes and bytearray classes are used to hold binary data.
The following modules are documented in this chapter:
- datetime — Basic date and time types
- Aware and Naive Objects
- Constants
- Available Types
- Common Properties
- Determining if an Object is Aware or Naive
- Examples of usage: timedelta
- Examples of Usage: date
- Examples of Usage: datetime
- Examples of Usage: time
- strftime() and strptime() Format Codes
- Technical Detail
- Using ZoneInfo
- Data sources
- Configuring the data sources
- Compile-time configuration
- Environment configuration
- Runtime configuration
- String representations
- Pickle serialization
- ChainMap objects
- ChainMap Examples and Recipes
- deque Recipes
- defaultdict Examples
- OrderedDict Examples and Recipes
- Collections Abstract Base Classes
- Collections Abstract Base Classes – Detailed Descriptions
- Examples and Recipes
- Basic Examples
- Priority Queue Implementation Notes
- Theory
- Performance Notes
- Searching Sorted Lists
- Examples
- Weak Reference Objects
- Example
- Finalizer Objects
- Comparing finalizers with __del__() methods
- Dynamic Type Creation
- Standard Interpreter Types
- Additional Utility Classes and Functions
- Coroutine Utility Functions
- PrettyPrinter Objects
- Example
- Repr Objects
- Subclassing Repr Objects
- Module Contents
- Data Types
- Supported __dunder__ names
- Supported _sunder_ names
- Exceptions
- Configuring the data sources