Css плавный градиент при наведении

CSS Animate Gradient Color on Hover

No doubt, color gradients play an important role in an attractive UI design. Similarly, CSS animations also play a vital role in regards to build mind-blowing designs. But, how would it be if we animate the color gradient? Of course, it’ll be mind-blowing and look pretty. So, in this tutorial, you will learn how to animate the HTML color gradient on hover using pure CSS.

Before getting started with coding, let’s discuss where you can apply this animated gradient. Basically, a color gradient used as a background (or foreground) of an HTML element. It can be a background of a button, form, section, or any div element. So, you can implement this animated gradient on almost all elements that support CSS background property.

In this tutorial, we’ll animate the background gradient of a CSS virtual button. However, the coding concept is the same for other elements that you want to animate their gradient color. You can apply the same rules to animate the gradient on hover. You can check the final output of this project on the demo page. OK! let’s begin with HTML.

Basic Markup

As you have seen on the demo page, there are five different buttons containing various hover styles. You just need to create a link button (or any element that will contain gradient) with the following mention classes.

Hover me Hover me Hover me Hover me Hover me 

CSS to Animate Gradient on Hover

In order to create an animated gradient, we need to define CSS angles linear-gradient syntax along with the CSS variables. After that, we’ll define the colors in variables that will be displayed on hover. The other CSS properties like margin, padding, and text-align, etc are optional for this selector. You can define custom values for them.

In the above code snippet, the background property contains a linear-gradient color with a 90-degree direction. In order to animate the gradient, we’ll change the var(–x) value with hover pseudo-selector.

Now, define the color variables for “.btn-1” to “.btn-5 ” selectors just like below. Actually, you just need to define two (–c1 and –c2) CSS variables that are used in the above linear-gradient. You can ignore the other selectors if you are creating an animated gradient for a single item.

Instead of using color variables, you can also place your color code directly in the linear-gradient. However, the variable –x is necessary to animate the gradient on mouseover. Finally, define the value of variable x as 100% with .btn:hover selector and done.

That’s all! I hope you find this tutorial helpful to animate the gradient on hover. If you have any questions or suggestions related to the animated gradient let me know by comment below.

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Smooth CSS Gradient Transitions

If you try to animate or transition a gradient in pure CSS, we end up with a little bit of an issue. All modern browsers do not natively transition colours in gradients smoothly. As such, we end up with a sudden change. That can be seen in the example below, where the transform transitions perfectly fine but the gradient does not, even though we are using transition: all 0.1s ease-out .

#gradient-button   background: linear-gradient(180deg, #ff7147, #e0417f);  padding: 0.5rem 1.5rem;  transition: all 0.1s ease-out;  font-weight: 500;  font-size: 1.25rem;  border-radius: 100px;  transform: scale(1);  margin: 0 0 2rem 1rem; >  #gradient-button:hover   background: linear-gradient(45deg, #0037ff, #00adff);  transform: scale(1.1); > 

Animating and Transitioning Gradients with CSS and Javascript

In this article, we’ll be looking at how to solve this problem, and we’ll cover how to smoothly animate a gradient transition with Javascript. That means creating a function which will be able to transition between two colors smoothly.

Although there is no native way to do this effect, we can do it with Javascript. The below button solves the problem, allowing us to smoothly animate gradient transitions with Javascript and some CSS when you hover over the button.

Transitioning between two gradients in CSS smoothly

The first step, is we need to create a function which allows us figure out a color between two colors. For this to work, we’ll need the color we start with, and the one we want to transition to.

The function we’ll create is shown below. It can support gradients with more than 2 colors — but for this we’ll just use two. We’ll also take the initial gradient color, and apply that to our button — so we can manipulate the gradient completely from our Javascript.

 let element = 'gradient-button-transition'; //  // DEFINE YOUR GRADIENT COLORS HERE // Pct refers to the percentage position of the gradient stop point. const gradientStopOne = [   pct: 0, color:  r: 255, g: 113, b: 71 > >, // The first color in your gradient   pct: 100, color:  r: 0, g: 55, b: 255 > > // The color you want your first color to transition to ]; const gradientStopTwo = [   pct: 0, color:  r: 224, g: 65, b: 127 > >, // The second color in your gradient   pct: 100, color:  r: 0, g: 173, b: 255 > > // The color you want your second color to transition to ]  // Apply our gradient programmatically so we can completely manipulate the gradient from JS rather than CSS let c1 = gradientStopOne[0].color; let c2 = gradientStopTwo[0].color; document.getElementById('gradient-button-transition').style.background = `linear-gradient($angle>deg, rgb($c1.r>, $c1.g>, $c1.b>), rgb($c2.r>, $c2.g>, $c2.b>))`;  // This function transitions between two rgb colors const getColor = function(pct, colorSet)   for (var i = 1; i  colorSet.length - 1; i++)   if (pct  colorSet[i].pct)   break;  >  >  // This conversion figures out the transition between two rgb values  var lower = colorSet[i - 1];  var upper = colorSet[i];  var range = upper.pct - lower.pct;  var rangePct = (pct - lower.pct) / range;  var pctLower = 1 - rangePct;  var pctUpper = rangePct;  var color =   r: Math.floor(lower.color.r * pctLower + upper.color.r * pctUpper),  g: Math.floor(lower.color.g * pctLower + upper.color.g * pctUpper),  b: Math.floor(lower.color.b * pctLower + upper.color.b * pctUpper)  >;  // And returns the rgb code  return `rgb($color.r>, $color.g>, $color.b>)`; > 

Now that we have a function which will let us transition between two colors, and have defined our gradients, We can start transitioning between them. We’ll create one function which will set an interval — depending on whether the user hovers or not, we will manipulate the direction of the animation.

Comments in the code below explains what we’re trying to do here. The interval runs every 16.67 miliseconds — or 60 times a second. This will give us a smooth 60 frames per second animation. Within the interval function, we calculate the total number of frames, and stop the animation when the transition time is up.

 let transitionTime = 1000 // let previousTime, start = 0; // let angle = 180; // let animationDirection = 'forwards' // let intervalFrame; // let currentPct = 0; // let elapsed = 0; //   // This is our animation which we run on hover const animateGradient = function()   if(intervalFrame === undefined)   intervalFrame = setInterval(() =>   let time = transitionTime / 1000; // time in seconds  let numberOfFrames = time * 60; // 60 frames per second -> 1 second = 60 frames  // If the animation is going forward  if(animationDirection === 'forwards')   // Add 1 to elapsed  elapsed += 1;  // The elapsed frames out of max frames  currentPct = Math.min(elapsed / numberOfFrames, 1) * 100;  >  else   // Otherwise we're going back - subtract 1 from ellapsed  elapsed -= 1;  // The elapsed frames out of max frames  currentPct = Math.max(elapsed / numberOfFrames, 0) * 100;  >  // Calculate current color in this time for each gradient color  let colorOne = getColor(currentPct, gradientStopOne);  let colorTwo = getColor(currentPct, gradientStopTwo);  // Generate CSS string  let generateGradient = `linear-gradient($angle>deg, $colorOne>, $colorTwo>)`;  // Add it to our background.  document.getElementById(element).style.backgroundImage = generateGradient;  // End the interval when we're done  if(currentPct === 100 || currentPct === 0)   clearInterval(intervalFrame);  intervalFrame = undefined;  >  >, 16.667); // 60 frames per second  > >;  

Finally, we run all of this on hover in, and hover out. When the user hovers, we update the animation direction, so we can move the gradient towards the colors we want it to.

// On hover, run our animation document.getElementById('gradient-button-transition').addEventListener('mouseover', function()   animationDirection = 'forwards';  animateGradient(); >); // On hover out, run our animation again, but backwards document.getElementById('gradient-button-transition').addEventListener('mouseleave', function()   animationDirection = 'backwards';  animateGradient(); >); 

Multiple color gradient transitions

Since we can have this run for multiple colors, and also run whenever we want — we can create some fun effects. Here is a button that automatically transitions between 4 different gradients:

Conclusion

Although not possible with CSS today, Javascript actually gives us a lot more flexibility to animate our gradient transitions smoothly. If you’ve found this useful, don’t forget to subscribe or follow me on twitter.

More Tips and Tricks for CSS

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Transitioning Gradients

In, CSS, you can’t transition a background gradient. It sure would be nice if you could:

.gradient  background-image: linear-gradient( to right, hsl(211, 100%, 50%), hsl(179, 100%, 30%) ); transition: background-image 0.5s linear; > .gradient:hover  background-image: linear-gradient( to bottom, hsl(344, 100%, 50%), hsl(31, 100%, 40%) ); >

But, no. It jumps from one gradient to the other immediately, with no smooth transition between the two. So let’s hack it!

We can achieve this effect with the help of a pseudo-element and an opacity transform instead.

First, apply one gradient to the element. Then, position its pseudo-element to fill the element and apply the second gradient to that. To transition between the two gradients, transition the opacity of the pseudo-element.

.gradient  position: relative; background-image: linear-gradient( to right, hsl(211, 100%, 50%), hsl(179, 100%, 30%) ); z-index: 1; > .gradient::before  position: absolute; content: ''; top: 0; right: 0; bottom: 0; left: 0; background-image: linear-gradient( to bottom, hsl(344, 100%, 50%), hsl(31, 100%, 40%) ); z-index: -1; transition: opacity 0.5s linear; opacity: 0; > .gradient:hover::before  opacity: 1; >

The pseudo-element is initially hidden via opacity: 0 . On hover, that transitions to an opacity: 1 . This produces the illusion of the main gradient transitioning to the pseudo-element’s gradient. It also takes a little bit of z-index work to ensure the pseudo-element stays positioned behind the content of the main element.

This takes a fair bit of code, unfortunately. But if you need this effect, this is the best (and only) way I’ve found so far to accomplish it.

Check out the full working example:

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