Css how to margin

margin

The margin CSS shorthand property sets the margin area on all four sides of an element.

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Constituent properties

This property is a shorthand for the following CSS properties:

Syntax

/* Apply to all four sides */ margin: 1em; margin: -3px; /* top and bottom | left and right */ margin: 5% auto; /* top | left and right | bottom */ margin: 1em auto 2em; /* top | right | bottom | left */ margin: 2px 1em 0 auto; /* Global values */ margin: inherit; margin: initial; margin: revert; margin: revert-layer; margin: unset; 

The margin property may be specified using one, two, three, or four values. Each value is a , a , or the keyword auto . Negative values draw the element closer to its neighbors than it would be by default.

• When one value is specified, it applies the same margin to all four sides.
• When two values are specified, the first margin applies to the top and bottom, the second to the left and right.
• When three values are specified, the first margin applies to the top, the second to the right and left, the third to the bottom.
• When four values are specified, the margins apply to the top, right, bottom, and left in that order (clockwise).

Values

The size of the margin as a fixed value.

The size of the margin as a percentage, relative to the inline size (width in a horizontal language, defined by writing-mode ) of the containing block.

The browser selects a suitable margin to use. For example, in certain cases this value can be used to center an element.

Description

This property can be used to set a margin on all four sides of an element. Margins create extra space around an element, unlike padding , which creates extra space within an element.

The top and bottom margins have no effect on non-replaced inline elements, such as or .

Horizontal centering

To center something horizontally in modern browsers, you can use display : flex; justify-content : center; .

However, in older browsers like IE8-9 that do not support Flexible Box Layout, these are not available. In order to center an element inside its parent, use margin: 0 auto; .

Margin collapsing

Elements’ top and bottom margins are sometimes collapsed into a single margin that is equal to the larger of the two margins. See Mastering margin collapsing for more information.

Formal definition

• margin-bottom : 0
• margin-left : 0
• margin-right : 0
• margin-top : 0

• margin-bottom : the percentage as specified or the absolute length
• margin-left : the percentage as specified or the absolute length
• margin-right : the percentage as specified or the absolute length
• margin-top : the percentage as specified or the absolute length

Formal syntax

Examples

Simple example

HTML

div class="center">This element is centered.div> div class="outside">This element is positioned outside of its container.div> 

CSS

.center  margin: auto; background: lime; width: 66%; > .outside  margin: 3rem 0 0 -3rem; background: cyan; width: 66%; > 

More examples

margin: 5%; /* All sides: 5% margin */ margin: 10px; /* All sides: 10px margin */ margin: 1.6em 20px; /* top and bottom: 1.6em margin */ /* left and right: 20px margin */ margin: 10px 3% -1em; /* top: 10px margin */ /* left and right: 3% margin */ /* bottom: -1em margin */ margin: 10px 3px 30px 5px; /* top: 10px margin */ /* right: 3px margin */ /* bottom: 30px margin */ /* left: 5px margin */ margin: 2em auto; /* top and bottom: 2em margin */ /* Box is horizontally centered */ margin: auto; /* top and bottom: 0 margin */ /* Box is horizontally centered */ 

Specifications

Browser compatibility

BCD tables only load in the browser

See also

• Introduction to the CSS basic box model
• Margin collapsing
• margin-top , margin-right , margin-bottom , and margin-left
• The mapped logical properties: margin-block-start , margin-block-end , margin-inline-start , and margin-inline-end and the shorthands margin-block and margin-inline

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This page was last modified on Jul 18, 2023 by MDN contributors.

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CSS Margins

Margins are used to create space around elements, outside of any defined borders.

CSS Margins

The CSS margin properties are used to create space around elements, outside of any defined borders.

With CSS, you have full control over the margins. There are properties for setting the margin for each side of an element (top, right, bottom, and left).

Margin — Individual Sides

CSS has properties for specifying the margin for each side of an element:

All the margin properties can have the following values:

• auto — the browser calculates the margin
• length — specifies a margin in px, pt, cm, etc.
• % — specifies a margin in % of the width of the containing element
• inherit — specifies that the margin should be inherited from the parent element

Tip: Negative values are allowed.

Example

Set different margins for all four sides of a

element:

Margin — Shorthand Property

To shorten the code, it is possible to specify all the margin properties in one property.

The margin property is a shorthand property for the following individual margin properties:

If the margin property has four values:

• margin: 25px 50px 75px 100px;
  • top margin is 25px
  • right margin is 50px
  • bottom margin is 75px
  • left margin is 100px

  Example

  Use the margin shorthand property with four values:

  If the margin property has three values:

  • margin: 25px 50px 75px;
    • top margin is 25px
    • right and left margins are 50px
    • bottom margin is 75px

    Example

    Use the margin shorthand property with three values:

    If the margin property has two values:

    • margin: 25px 50px;
      • top and bottom margins are 25px
      • right and left margins are 50px

      Example

      Use the margin shorthand property with two values:

      If the margin property has one value:

      Example

      Use the margin shorthand property with one value:

      The auto Value

      You can set the margin property to auto to horizontally center the element within its container.

      The element will then take up the specified width, and the remaining space will be split equally between the left and right margins.

      Example

      The inherit Value

      Example

      div <
      border: 1px solid red;
      margin-left: 100px;
      >

      All CSS Margin Properties

      Property	Description
      margin	A shorthand property for setting all the margin properties in one declaration
      margin-bottom	Sets the bottom margin of an element
      margin-left	Sets the left margin of an element
      margin-right	Sets the right margin of an element
      margin-top	Sets the top margin of an element

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      CSS margin Property

      Set the margin for all four sides of a

      element to 35 pixels:

      More «Try it Yourself» examples below.

      Definition and Usage

      The margin property sets the margins for an element, and is a shorthand property for the following properties:

      If the margin property has four values:

      • margin: 10px 5px 15px 20px;
        • top margin is 10px
        • right margin is 5px
        • bottom margin is 15px
        • left margin is 20px

        If the margin property has three values:

        • margin: 10px 5px 15px;
          • top margin is 10px
          • right and left margins are 5px
          • bottom margin is 15px

          If the margin property has two values:

          If the margin property has one value:

          Note: Negative values are allowed.

          Default value:	0
          Inherited:	no
          Animatable:	yes, see individual properties. Read about animatable Try it
          Version:	CSS1
          JavaScript syntax:	object.style.margin=»100px 50px» Try it

          Browser Support

          The numbers in the table specify the first browser version that fully supports the property.

          CSS Syntax

          Property Values

          Value	Description	Demo
          length	Specifies a margin in px, pt, cm, etc. Default value is 0. Negative values are allowed. Read about length units	Demo ❯
          %	Specifies a margin in percent of the width of the containing element	Demo ❯
          auto	The browser calculates a margin	Demo ❯
          initial	Sets this property to its default value. Read about initial
          inherit	Inherits this property from its parent element. Read about inherit

          Margin Collapse

          Top and bottom margins of elements are sometimes collapsed into a single margin that is equal to the largest of the two margins.

          This does not happen on horizontal (left and right) margins! Only vertical (top and bottom) margins!

          Look at the following example:

          Example

          In the example above, the

          element has a top and bottom margin of 20px.

          More Examples

          Example

          Set the margin for a

          element to 35 pixels for top and bottom, and to 70 pixels for right and left:

          Example

          Set the margin for a

          element to 35 pixels for top, 70 pixels for right and left, and to 50 pixels for bottom:

          Example

          Set the margin for a

          element to 35 pixels for top, 70 pixels for right, 50 pixels for bottom, and to 90 pixels for left:

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