Create html site web

How TO — Make a Website

Learn how to create a responsive website that will work on all devices, PC, laptop, tablet, and phone.

Create a Website from Scratch

A «Layout Draft»

It can be wise to draw a layout draft of the page design before creating a website:

Navigation bar

Side Content

Main Content

Footer

First Step — Basic HTML Page

HTML is the standard markup language for creating websites and CSS is the language that describes the style of an HTML document. We will combine HTML and CSS to create a basic web page.

Example

My Website

A website created by me.

Example Explained

• The declaration defines this document to be HTML5
• The element is the root element of an HTML page
• The element contains meta information about the document
• The element specifies a title for the document
• The element should define the character set to be UTF-8
• The element with name=»viewport» makes the website look good on all devices and screen resolutions
• The element contains the styles for the website (layout/design)
• The element contains the visible page content
• The element defines a large heading
• The

  element defines a paragraph

Creating Page Content

Inside the element of our website, we will use our «Layout Draft» and create:

• A header
• A navigation bar
• Main content
• Side content
• A footer

Header

A header is usually located at the top of the website (or right below a top navigation menu). It often contains a logo or the website name:

Then we use CSS to style the header:

.header <
padding: 80px; /* some padding */
text-align: center; /* center the text */
background: #1abc9c; /* green background */
color: white; /* white text color */
>

/* Increase the font size of the element */
.header h1 font-size: 40px;
>

Navigation Bar

A navigation bar contains a list of links to help visitors navigating through your website:

Use CSS to style the navigation bar:

/* Style the top navigation bar */
.navbar overflow: hidden; /* Hide overflow */
background-color: #333; /* Dark background color */
>

/* Style the navigation bar links */
.navbar a float: left; /* Make sure that the links stay side-by-side */
display: block; /* Change the display to block, for responsive reasons (see below) */
color: white; /* White text color */
text-align: center; /* Center the text */
padding: 14px 20px; /* Add some padding */
text-decoration: none; /* Remove underline */
>

/* Right-aligned link */
.navbar a.right float: right; /* Float a link to the right */
>

/* Change color on hover/mouse-over */
.navbar a:hover background-color: #ddd; /* Grey background color */
color: black; /* Black text color */
>

Content

Create a 2-column layout, divided into a «side content» and a «main content».

We use CSS Flexbox to handle the layout:

/* Ensure proper sizing */
* box-sizing: border-box;
>

/* Column container */
.row <
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
>

/* Create two unequal columns that sits next to each other */
/* Sidebar/left column */
.side flex: 30%; /* Set the width of the sidebar */
background-color: #f1f1f1; /* Grey background color */
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
>

/* Main column */
.main <
flex: 70%; /* Set the width of the main content */
background-color: white; /* White background color */
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
>

Then add media queries to make the layout responsive. This will make sure that your website looks good on all devices (desktops, laptops, tablets and phones). Resize the browser window to see the result.

/* Responsive layout — when the screen is less than 700px wide, make the two columns stack on top of each other instead of next to each other */
@media screen and (max-width: 700px) .row <
flex-direction: column;
>
>

/* Responsive layout — when the screen is less than 400px wide, make the navigation links stack on top of each other instead of next to each other */
@media screen and (max-width: 400px) .navbar a float: none;
width: 100%;
>
>

Tip: To create a different kind of layout, just change the flex width (but make sure that it adds up to 100%).

Tip: Do you wonder how the @media rule works? Read more about it in our CSS Media Queries chapter.

Tip: To learn more about the Flexible Box Layout Module, read our CSS Flexbox chapter.

What is box-sizing?

You can easily create three floating boxes side by side. However, when you add something that enlarges the width of each box (e.g. padding or borders), the box will break. The box-sizing property allows us to include the padding and border in the box’s total width (and height), making sure that the padding stays inside of the box and that it does not break.

You can read more about the box-sizing property in our CSS Box Sizing Tutorial.

Footer

At last, we will add a footer.

.footer <
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
text-align: center; /* Center text*/
background: #ddd; /* Grey background */
>

Congratulations! You have built a responsive website from scratch.

W3Schools Spaces

If you want to create your own website and host your .html files, try our website builder, called W3schools Spaces:

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How TO — Build a Website

Learn how to create a fast and awesome responsive website that will work on all devices, PC, laptop, tablet, and phone.

Create a Website with a CSS Framework

Ever heard about W3Schools Spaces? Here you can create your website from scratch or use a template.

A «Layout Draft»

It is always wise to draw a layout draft of the page design before building a website.

Having a «Layout Draft» will make it a lot easier to create a web site:

Navigation bar

The Band

Article

Article

Article

Footer

Doctype, Meta Tags, and CSS

The doctype should define the page as an HTML5 document:

A meta tag should define the character set to be UTF-8:

A viewport meta tag should make the web site work on all devices and screen resolutions:

W3.CSS should take care of all our styling needs and all device and browser differences:

To learn more about styling with W3.CSS, please visit our W3.CSS Tutorial.

Our first empty web page will look much like this:

Note: If you want to create a website from scratch, without the help of a CSS framework, read our How To Make a Website Tutorial.

Creating Page Content

Inside the element of our web site we will use our «Layout Picture» and create:

• A navigation bar
• A slide show
• A header
• Some sections and articles
• A footer

Semantic Elements

HTML5 introduced several new semantic elements. Semantic elements are important to use because they define the structure of web pages and helps screen readers and search engines to read the page correctly.

These are some of the most common semantic HTML elements:

The element can be used to define a part of a website with related content.

The element can be used to define an individual piece of content.

The element can be used to define a header (in a document, a section, or an article).

The element can be used to define a footer (in a document, a section, or an article).

The element can be used to define a container of navigation links.

In this tutorial we will use semantic elements.

However, it is up to you if you want to use elements instead.

The Navigation Bar

On our «Layout Draft» we have a «Navigation bar».

We can use a or element as a container for the navigation links.

The w3-bar class is a container for navigation links.

The w3-black class defines the color of the navigation bar.

The w3-bar-item and w3-button class styles the navigation links inside the bar.

Slide Show

On the «Layout Draft» we have a «Slide show».

For the slide show we can use a or element as a picture container:

We need to add a little JavaScript to change the images every 3 seconds:

// Automatic Slideshow — change image every 3 seconds
var myIndex = 0;
carousel();

function carousel() var i;
var x = document.getElementsByClassName(«mySlides»);
for (i = 0; i < x.length; i++) x[i].style.display = "none";
>
myIndex++;
if (myIndex > x.length)
x[myIndex-1].style.display = «block»;
setTimeout(carousel, 3000);
>

Sections and Articles

Looking at the «Layout Draft» we can see that the next step is to create articles.

First we will create a or element containing band information:

The w3-container class takes care of standard padding.

The w3-center class centers the content.

The w3-wide class provides a wider heading.

The w3-opacity class provides text transparency.

The max-width style sets a maximum with of the band description section.

Then we will add a paragraph describing the band:

We have created a fictional band website. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.

The w3-justify class justifies the text’s right and left margins.

Then create a or with an or about each band-member:

John

Paul

Ringo

Footer

Finally we will use a or to create a footer:

The fa fa classes are Font Awesome Icon classes.

To use these classes you must link to a Font Awesome library:

To learn more about using icons, please visit our Icons Tutorial.

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How TO — Create and View a Website

Learn how to create and view a web page on your computer.

Step 1: Open Notepad (PC)

Windows 8 or later:

Open the Start Screen (the window symbol at the bottom left on your screen). Type Notepad.

Windows 7 or earlier:

Open Start > Programs > Accessories > Notepad

Step 1: Open TextEdit (Mac)

Open Finder > Applications > TextEdit

Also change some preferences to get the application to save files correctly. In Preferences > Format > choose «Plain Text»

Then under «Open and Save», check the box that says «Display HTML files as HTML code instead of formatted text».

Then open a new document to place the code.

Step 2: Write Some HTML

Write or copy the following HTML code into Notepad:

My First Heading

Step 3: Save the HTML Page

Save the file on your computer. Select File > Save as in the Notepad menu.

Name the file «index.htm» and set the encoding to UTF-8 (which is the preferred encoding for HTML files).

Tip: You can use either .htm or .html as file extension. There is no difference; it is up to you.

Step 4: View the HTML Page in Your Browser

Open the saved HTML file in your favorite browser (double click on the file, or right-click — and choose «Open with»).

The result will look much like this:

W3Schools Online Editor — «Try it Yourself»

With our free online editor, you can edit the HTML code and view the result in your browser.

It is the perfect tool when you want to test code fast. It also has color coding and the ability to save and share code with others:

Example

This is a Heading

This is a paragraph.

Click on the «Try it Yourself» button to see how it works.

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