Create default html page

How TO — Make a Website

Learn how to create a responsive website that will work on all devices, PC, laptop, tablet, and phone.

Create a Website from Scratch

A «Layout Draft»

It can be wise to draw a layout draft of the page design before creating a website:

Navigation bar

Side Content

Main Content

Footer

First Step — Basic HTML Page

HTML is the standard markup language for creating websites and CSS is the language that describes the style of an HTML document. We will combine HTML and CSS to create a basic web page.

Example

My Website

A website created by me.

Example Explained

• The declaration defines this document to be HTML5
• The element is the root element of an HTML page
• The element contains meta information about the document
• The element specifies a title for the document
• The element should define the character set to be UTF-8
• The element with name=»viewport» makes the website look good on all devices and screen resolutions
• The element contains the styles for the website (layout/design)
• The element contains the visible page content
• The element defines a large heading
• The

  element defines a paragraph

Creating Page Content

Inside the element of our website, we will use our «Layout Draft» and create:

• A header
• A navigation bar
• Main content
• Side content
• A footer

Header

A header is usually located at the top of the website (or right below a top navigation menu). It often contains a logo or the website name:

Then we use CSS to style the header:

.header <
padding: 80px; /* some padding */
text-align: center; /* center the text */
background: #1abc9c; /* green background */
color: white; /* white text color */
>

/* Increase the font size of the element */
.header h1 font-size: 40px;
>

Navigation Bar

A navigation bar contains a list of links to help visitors navigating through your website:

Use CSS to style the navigation bar:

/* Style the top navigation bar */
.navbar overflow: hidden; /* Hide overflow */
background-color: #333; /* Dark background color */
>

/* Style the navigation bar links */
.navbar a float: left; /* Make sure that the links stay side-by-side */
display: block; /* Change the display to block, for responsive reasons (see below) */
color: white; /* White text color */
text-align: center; /* Center the text */
padding: 14px 20px; /* Add some padding */
text-decoration: none; /* Remove underline */
>

/* Right-aligned link */
.navbar a.right float: right; /* Float a link to the right */
>

/* Change color on hover/mouse-over */
.navbar a:hover background-color: #ddd; /* Grey background color */
color: black; /* Black text color */
>

Content

Create a 2-column layout, divided into a «side content» and a «main content».

We use CSS Flexbox to handle the layout:

/* Ensure proper sizing */
* box-sizing: border-box;
>

/* Column container */
.row <
display: flex;
flex-wrap: wrap;
>

/* Create two unequal columns that sits next to each other */
/* Sidebar/left column */
.side flex: 30%; /* Set the width of the sidebar */
background-color: #f1f1f1; /* Grey background color */
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
>

/* Main column */
.main <
flex: 70%; /* Set the width of the main content */
background-color: white; /* White background color */
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
>

Then add media queries to make the layout responsive. This will make sure that your website looks good on all devices (desktops, laptops, tablets and phones). Resize the browser window to see the result.

/* Responsive layout — when the screen is less than 700px wide, make the two columns stack on top of each other instead of next to each other */
@media screen and (max-width: 700px) .row <
flex-direction: column;
>
>

/* Responsive layout — when the screen is less than 400px wide, make the navigation links stack on top of each other instead of next to each other */
@media screen and (max-width: 400px) .navbar a float: none;
width: 100%;
>
>

Tip: To create a different kind of layout, just change the flex width (but make sure that it adds up to 100%).

Tip: Do you wonder how the @media rule works? Read more about it in our CSS Media Queries chapter.

Tip: To learn more about the Flexible Box Layout Module, read our CSS Flexbox chapter.

What is box-sizing?

You can easily create three floating boxes side by side. However, when you add something that enlarges the width of each box (e.g. padding or borders), the box will break. The box-sizing property allows us to include the padding and border in the box’s total width (and height), making sure that the padding stays inside of the box and that it does not break.

You can read more about the box-sizing property in our CSS Box Sizing Tutorial.

Footer

At last, we will add a footer.

.footer <
padding: 20px; /* Some padding */
text-align: center; /* Center text*/
background: #ddd; /* Grey background */
>

Congratulations! You have built a responsive website from scratch.

W3Schools Spaces

If you want to create your own website and host your .html files, try our website builder, called W3schools Spaces:

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Understanding the Index.html Page on a Website

Jennifer Kyrnin is a professional web developer who assists others in learning web design, HTML, CSS, and XML.

Ryan Perian is a certified IT specialist who holds numerous IT certifications and has 12+ years’ experience working in the IT industry support and management positions.

One of the very first things you learn as you begin dipping your toes into the waters of website design is how to save your documents as web pages. Many tutorials and articles about getting started with web design will instruct you to save your initial HTML document with the file name index.html. Let’s take a look at the meaning behind this particular naming convention which is, indeed, an industry-wide standard.

Default Homepage

The index.html page is the most common name used for the default page shown on a website if no other page is specified when a visitor requests the site. In other words, index.html is the name used for the homepage of the website.

Site Architecture and Index.html

Websites are built inside of directories on a web server. For your website, you must save each webpage as a separate file. For example, your «About Us» page may be saved as about.html and your «Contact Us» page may be contact.html. Your site will be comprised of these .html documents.

Sometimes when someone visits the website, they do so without specifying one of these specific files in the address that they use for the URL. For example:

Even though there is no page listed in the URL request made to the server, that web server still needs to deliver a page for this request so that the browser has something to display. The file that will be delivered is the default page for that directory. Basically, if no file is requested, the server knows which one to serve up by default. On most web servers, the default page in a directory is named

In essence, when you go to a URL and specify a specific file, that is what the server will deliver. If you do not specify a file name, the server looks for a default file and displays that automatically—almost as if you had typed in that file name in the URL.

Other Default Page Names

Besides index.html, there are other default page names that some sites use, including:

The reality is that a web server can be configured to recognize any file you want as the default for that site. That being the case, it’s still a good idea to stick with index.html or index.htm because it is immediately recognized on most servers without any additional configuration needed. While default.htm is sometimes used on Windows servers, using index.html all but ensures that no matter where you choose to host your site, including if you choose to change hosting providers in the future, your default homepage will still be recognized and displayed.

You Should Have an index.html Page in All Your Directories

Whenever you have a directory on your website, it is a best practice to have a corresponding index.html page. Even if you do not plan to display content on the index pages of select directories with any actual page links, having the file in place is a smart user experience move, as well as a security feature.

Using a Default File Name Like index.html is a Security Feature as Well

Most web servers start out with the directory structure visible when someone comes to a directory without a default file. This view shows them information about the website that would otherwise be hidden, such as directories and other files in that folder. This transparency can be helpful during a site’s development, but after a site is live, allowing for directory viewing can be a security vulnerability.

If you don’t put in an index.html file in a directory, by default most web servers will display a file listing of all the files in that directory. While this behavior can be disabled at the server level, it means that you need to involve the server admin in order to make it work.

IIS installations have directory browsing disabled by default. If the default document is not found and both default document and directory browsing is disabled, the user will get a 404 error.

If you are pressed for time and want to control this on your own, an easy workaround is to simply write a default web page and name it index.html. Uploading that file to your directory will help close that potential security hole. Additionally, it is also a good idea to also contact your hosting provider and ask for directory viewing to be disabled.

Sites That Do Not Use .HTML Files

Some websites, like those that are powered by a content management system or ones that use more robust programming languages like PHP or ASP, may not use .html pages in their structure. For these sites, you still want to ensure that a default page is specified, and for select directories in that site, having an index.html (or index.php, index.asp, etc.) page is still desirable for the reasons described above.

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How do I make index php my default page?

A default Web page is the page that opens when you navigate to a domain without the Web page specified.

1. Right-click the HTML file you want to convert.
2. Type “index.
3. Upload the file to your Web host.
4. Set the new index.php file as the default Web page.

What is the default main page filename for a Web site?

Default Homepage The index. html page is the most common name used for the default page shown on a website if no other page is specified when a visitor requests the site. In other words, index. html is the name used for the homepage of the website.

Where do I create index HTML?

To create an index for a Web site

1. Create an index file.
2. Create the HTML file that will contain your index.
3. Place your cursor at the location where you want the index file to appear, and then click HTML Help ActiveX Control.
4. In the Specify the command box, click Index, and then follow the instructions on your screen.

What is an index page in a book?

An index is essentially a roadmap to the book, listing names, places, and things in alphabetical order and giving the page numbers associated with each topic. For nonfiction books, packed with valuable information, a well-made index can help quickly direct the reader to the information they’re trying to find.

What are 6 reasons stocks change their value?

However, there a number of factors that can move stocks up and down.

• Demand and Supply. Demand and supply in the market affect the prices of shares.
• Interest Rates.
• Investors.
• Dividends.
• Management.
• Economy.
• Political Climate.
• Short-Term and Long-Term Investors.

How many stocks are in the Nasdaq?

What stocks are part of Nasdaq?

How many companies are in the Nasdaq?

• Apple (NASDAQ:AAPL)
• Microsoft (NASDAQ:MSFT)
• Amazon (NASDAQ:AMZN)
• Facebook (NASDAQ:FB)
• Alphabet Class C (NASDAQ:GOOG)
• Alphabet Class A (NASDAQ:GOOGL)
• Tesla (NASDAQ:TSLA)
• NVIDIA (NASDAQ:NVDA)

How many stocks are in the Nasdaq 100?

How does the Nasdaq make money?

Sources of revenue for Nasdaq are charges for transactions, licensing fees, listing fees, and revenue from data products, in addition to technology products and services. 3 Through a healthy mix of organic growth, acquisitions, and mergers, Nasdaq continues to maintain its position as one of the top global exchanges.

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