Convert line to string python

In the example, we joined the strings in the list with a space separator.

However, you could also use a tab.

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my_str = """\ First line Second line Third line """ result = "\t".join(line.strip() for line in my_str.splitlines()) print(repr(result)) # 👉️ "'First line\tSecond line\tThird line'"

# Strip leading whitespace from Multiline string in Python

Use the textwrap.dedent() method to strip the leading whitespace from a multiline string in Python.

The textwrap.dedent method will remove the common leading whitespace from every line of the string.

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from textwrap import dedent from inspect import cleandoc multiline_str = """\ first second third""" # 👇️ remove indentation # first # second # third print(dedent(multiline_str)) # 👇️ removes indentation and empty lines at the beginning and end # first # second # third print(cleandoc(multiline_str))

The first example uses the textwrap.dedent method to remove the leading whitespace from the multiline string.

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The textwrap.dedent method takes a multiline string and removes the common leading whitespace from every line of the string.

The method is used to display multiline strings that are indented in the source code without any indentation.

Note that we used a backslash at the end of the first line of the multiline string.

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multiline_str = """\ first second third"""

If you don’t add the backslash, you’ll notice that an extra newline character gets added to the string.

Make sure to close the multiline string on the same line.

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multiline_str = """\ first second third""" # 👈️ close on same line print(multiline_str)

If you don’t close the multiline string on the same line, an extra newline character gets added at the end of the string.

If your multiline string has empty lines at the beginning or end, use the inspect.cleandoc() method to remove them and remove the leading whitespace.

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from inspect import cleandoc multiline_str = """ first second third """ # 👇️ removes indentation and empty lines at beginning and end # first # second # third print(cleandoc(multiline_str))

We didn’t use a backslash at the end of the first line of the string and didn’t close the multiline string on the same line, so the string has an empty line at the beginning and at the end.

The inspect.cleandoc() method takes care of removing the empty lines at the beginning and end and the leading whitespace.

If you don’t want to remove the empty lines at the beginning and end of the multiline string, use the textwrap.dedent() method.

# Proper indentation for multiline strings in Python

To properly indent multiline strings:

Add a backslash at the end of the first line.
Close the multiline string on the last line.
Use the dedent() and indent() methods if you need to dedent or indent the multiline string.

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from textwrap import dedent, indent from inspect import cleandoc multiline_str = """\ first second third""" # 👇️ with indentation # first # second # third print(multiline_str) # 👇️ without indentation # first # second # third print(dedent(multiline_str)) # 👇️ indent the multiline string a specific number of spaces # first # second # third print(indent(multiline_str, ' ')) # 👇️ using inspect.cleandoc # (removes empty lines at beginning and end, and leading whitespace) # first # second # third print(cleandoc(multiline_str))

# Add a backslash at the end of the first line

The first thing to note when using multiline strings is to add a backslash at the end of the first line.

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multiline_str = """\ first second third""" print(multiline_str)

If you don’t add the backslash, you’ll notice that an extra newline character gets added to the string.

# Close the multiline string on the same line

Make sure to close the multiline string on the same line.

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multiline_str = """\ first second third""" # 👈️ close on same line print(multiline_str)

If you don’t close the multiline string on the same line, an extra newline character gets added at the end of the string.

# Ident or dedent the multiline string

You can use the textwrap.indent() and textwrap.dedent() methods to indent or dedent the multiline string.

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from textwrap import dedent, indent multiline_str = """\ first second third""" # 👇️ without indentation # first # second # third print(dedent(multiline_str)) # 👇️ indent the multiline string a specific number of spaces # first # second # third print(indent(multiline_str, ' '))

The textwrap.dedent method takes a multiline string and removes the common leading whitespace from every line of the string.

The method is used to display multiline strings that are indented in the source code without any indentation.

The textwrap.indent method takes a multiline string and a prefix and adds the prefix to the beginning of each line of the string.

By default, the method adds the prefix to the beginning of each line that doesn’t consist only of whitespace.

# Remove the empty lines at the beginning and end of the multiline string

You can also use the inspect.cleandoc method if you want to remove the empty lines at the beginning and end of the multiline string and the leading whitespace.

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from inspect import cleandoc multiline_str = """ first second third """ # # first # second # third # print(multiline_str) # first # second # third print(cleandoc(multiline_str))

I intentionally didn’t add a backslash at the end of the first line and didn’t close the multiline string on the same line.

Notice that the inspect.cleandoc method removed the empty lines at the beginning and end of the string and removed the leading whitespace.

If you don’t want to remove the empty lines at the beginning and end of the multiline string, use the textwrap.dedent() method.

# Additional Resources

You can learn more about the related topics by checking out the following tutorials:

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Read a text file into string and strip newlines in Python

In this article, we will learn to read a text file into a string variable and strip newlines.

Table Of Contents

Strip newlines means removing the \n from last of the string. To open a file in python , we use open() method.It returns a file object.

SYNTAX of open():

It recieves only two parameters :
– Path or name of the file you want to open.
– The mode in which you want to open that particular file.

Frequently Asked:

with open('example.txt','r') as file: text = file.readlines() print(type(text)) print(text)

 ['This is the first line.\n', 'This is the second line.\n', 'This is the third line\n', 'This is the fouth line.\n', 'This is the fifth line.\n']

As you can see in output, Text in file example.txt gets printed in a list and after every line there is \n which is called newline. Data type of variable text is also a list type.

The contents of our example.txt is,

This is the first line. This is the second line. This is the third line This is the fouth line. This is the fifth line.

Create a example.txt file and save at same location where your code file is. Now we will read about different methods. Read and try this code on your machine. I have used Python version Python 3.10.1.

Read a text file into a string and strip newlines using file.read() and replace()

In the problem above, you can see readlines() method has been used to read the data. But now we will use read() method. The read() method iterates over every single character, that means read() method reads character wise. Then using the replace() function, we can replace all occurrences of ‘\n’ with an empty string.

with open('example.txt','r') as file: text = file.read().replace('\n', ' ') print(type(text)) print(text)

 This is the first line. This is the second line. This is the third line This is the fouth line. This is the fifth line.

Now you can see, by using read() and replace(), we have sucessfully removed the \n and saved all the data from a text file to a single string object.

Read a text file into a string and strip newlines using rstrip()

The rstrip() method is another method through which we can strip newlines in python string.

What is rstrip() method ?

The rstrip() method removes any whitespace or new line characters which from the end of a line. It recieves only one optional parameter, which is the specific character that you want to remove from the end of the line.

with open('example.txt','r') as file: text = file.read().rstrip() print(type(text)) print(text)

 This is the first line. This is the second line. This is the third line This is the fouth line. This is the fifth line.

In output above you can see data type is of type str and there is no any \n. Unlike repalce() method all the names are also in different lines.
There is also a similar to rstrip() method which is strip(). The strip() method removes characters from both sides (starting and beginning of a line).

Read a text file into a string and strip newlines using List Comprehension

Iterate over each line of file and strip the newline characters from the end of each line. Then join all these lines back to a single string.

with open('example.txt','r') as file: text = " ".join(line.rstrip() for line in file) print(text)

This is the first line. This is the second line. This is the third line This is the fouth line. This is the fifth line.

So we read about three different methods, to read a text file into a string variable and strip newlines in python. You can use all three different methods from above depending upon your use but the easiest and most commonly used is read() method. Because it reads characterwise and removes the newlines from the given string file. rstrip() and strip() methods are also used when you have any specific characters you want to remove.

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Convert line to string python